Anatomy of the Male Reproductive Tract Flashcards
Retroperitoneum is encased in _____
lumbodorsal fascia (originating from lumbar vertebrae and covers abdominal muscles posteriorly
Retioperitoneal structures
adrenals, kidneys, ureters, bladder, vasculature, esophagus, rectum, parts of pancreas, 2nd,3rd, 4th part ofduodenum, and parts of colon
Muscles of peritoneum
psoas major/minor, transversus abdominus, iliacus, quadratus lumborum
Most posterior retroperiotoneal structure is _____
ureter
Major branches of aorta
interior phrenic, celiac trunk, adrenal, sma, gonadal, ima, renal, lumbar, middle sacral, common iliacs
L/R renal is more superior on aorta
L
IVC is left/right of aorta
Right
What drains into right renal vein?
nothing
What drains into the left renal vein?
lumbar, renal, adrenal
Vein of death
left adrenal (easy to tear but hard to control because small)
What is the landmark for the colon mesentery reflecting on the abdominal wall which is used in surgery to gain access to retroperitoneal area?
white line of Toldt
Hypogastric artery is also known as ____
internal iliac
Branches of internal iliac
Posterior and Anterior trunks
Branches of posterior iliac
iliolumbar, lateral sacral, superior gluteal
Branches of anterior iliac
superior vesicle, middle rectal, inferior vesicle, uterine, internal pudendal, obturator, inferior gluteal
Extraperitoneal space between the pubic symphysis and urinary bladder
Space of retzius –>avascular
Trigone of the bladder contains the _____ orifices
ureteric orifices which is where ureters drain into bladder
Function of the internal urethral sphincter
closed at rest when not voiding, closed during seminal emissions –> not much continence function
What is the most important structure for urinary continence?
external urethral sphincter
Transabdominal descent of the testicles occurs by week _____.
12
The gubernaculum forms during week _____.
7
Testicular descent is under control of what kind of hormones?
androgens
The _____ dissolves under androgen control, allowing testicular descent.
Cranial suspensory ligament
Inguino-scrotal descent occurs at what time?
month 7-9
T/F Increased abdominal pressure may play a role in inguino-scrotal testicular descent.
T
Cremasteric muscle is a derivative of what abdominal muscle?
Internal oblique
External spermatic fascia is a derivative of what abdominal muscle?
External oblique
Internal spermatic fascia is a derivative of what abdominal muscle?
transversalis
The tunica vaginalis is a derivative of what abdominal structure?
peritoneum
A patent processus vaginalis may result in a fluid filled ______.
hydrocele
Layers of scrotum
skin, dartos, ext. spermatic fascia, cremasteric fascia and muscle, internal spermatic fascia, tunica vaginalis, pampiniform plexus
A spiderweb of veins that functions via counter current flow to regulate temperature in the the testes is called ______
pampiniform plexus
Which arteries provide blood to the testes?
testicular artery, vasal artery, cremasteric artery
How many collateral arteries are in each testis?
3
The primary blood supply of the penis is the ______ artery which is a branch of the ______ artery which is derived from the hypogastric artery.
penile artery from the internal pudendal artery
Bulbar artery provides blood for what structure
bulb of the penis –> involved in contractions during ejaculation
Dorsal artery of the penis and its branches
After giving off the bulbar artery, the internal pudendal becomes the dorsal artery –> it branches into circumflex, cavernosal
Venous blood flow in penis
cavernous vein –> deep dorsal vein of penis –> periprostatic plexus
The _____ is the elastic tissue that is involved in an erection and compresses outflow veins to maintain erection.
Tunica albuginea
Fracture of the penis involves rupture of the ________.
tunica albuginea
