Development of Male Reproductive System Flashcards
Which end of the mesonephric duct will be induced to form male reproductive structures?
Cranial
A portion of which duct forms a ureter in both sexes and induces kidney formation?
Mesonephric duct
The _____ migrate toward midline and fuse to form a portion of the vagina, uterus, and uterine tubes.
paramesonephric ducts
What are the three embryonic functions of Sertoli cells?
block gametogenesis, produce AMH to suppress development of paramesonephric ducts, induce formation of leydig cells which produce testosterone
______ only has a role on male internal reproductive structures.
testosterone
Which enzyme produces DHT from testosterone?
alpha reductase
What is the role of DHT?
induction of male external reproductive structures
What factor induces female internal and external reproductive structures?
estrogen
Under the influence of testosterone, the mesonephric ducts develop a connection with the ______, which is lined by ____ cells.
testis cords lined by Sertoli cells –> linkage of the future seminiferous tubules
What structures are derived from the mesonephric ducts?
efferent ductules, ductus epididymis, ductus deferences, seminal gland/vesicle, ejaculatory duct
The ____ is the union of the ductus deferens and the duct of the seminal vesicle.
Ejaculatory duct
The ejaculatory duct drains into the _____.
prostatic urethra
The lining of the lower portion of the gut tube, the prostate, and the bladder are produced from _____.
endoderm
The prostate and the bulbourethral glands are induced by _____.
DHT
The ductus deferens must traverse what structure after the descent of the testicles?
Inguinal canal
The ductus deferens passes over what structure behind the bladder?
ureter
The prostate sits on what support structure?
urogenital diaphragm
Labioscrotal swellings have what fate?
females - connective tissue; males - where testes descend into
Genital swellings and urogenital folds migrate to the midline and fuse completely forming what structure?
ventral surface of penis
The ductus deferens passes medial/lateral to seminal vesicle on its approach to the prostatic urethra.
medial
The only place in males/females where there is a skeletal muscle sphincter controlling reproductive function.
urogenital diaphragm which supports prostate
What structure leads the testis through the inguinal canal?
gubernaculum
At what point are testis typically done descending?
by birth
How many layers does the gubernaculum traverse?
3 of 4 layers of abdominal wall
An outpocketing of the parietal peritoneum that has 2 layers and which provides a friction free path for the descent of the testis is called what?
processus vaginalis
The _____ end of the processus vaginals remains patent and forms the ______.
distal –> tunica vaginalis –> allows modulation of testis distance from body for temperature regulation
T/F Testosterone masculinizes the brain.
T
At puberty a new population of _____ cells restart gametogenesis in males.
leydig cells
In the absence of testosterone, mesonephric ducts degenerate to form ______.
ducts of gartner
Effect of adrenal cortex hyperplasia?
clitoral enlargement in females due to androgen excess –> intersex
Incomplete fusion of the paramesonephric ducts results in ______.
bicorniate uterus
A defect in alpha reductase results in _______.
stunted growth of external genitalia & prostate of male
A mutation in the androgen receptor in males may result in ______.
no male internal reproductive structures, female external reproductive structures, and normal testes-> androgen insensitivity syndrome
Features of androgen insensitivity syndrome.
no male internal reproductive structures, female external reproductive structures, and normal testes, bilateral inguinal hernias and amenorrhea
Bilateral inguinal hernias in a female suggest what?
testes attempt to descend through abdominopelvic cavity into a non-existent scrotum
If paramesonephric ducts don’t form, what clinical feature is present?
amenorrhea
