Stereochemistry and Isomerism

Question 1

tetrahedral structure

Answer 1

4 single bonds

Question 2

wedge and dotted bonds position

Answer 2

perpendicular to plane

Question 3

sawhorse

Answer 3

zig zag and stereonotation

Question 4

sawhorse example

Answer 4

etOH and lactic acid

Question 5

stereo genic centre

Answer 5

saturated carbon atom has 4 different substituent

Question 6

wedge in ring

Answer 6

relative location in ring structure - ring is the plane

Question 7

alkenes

Answer 7

trigonal planar

e.g. 2-butene

Question 8

alkynes

Answer 8

triple bonds

linear

Question 9

Heteroatoms

Answer 9

same shapes apply but with lone pairs or bonded

Question 10

lactic acid 180 rotation

Answer 10

vertically - COOH will be on the left

horizontally - COOH will point upwards

Question 11

rotation around bond

Answer 11

around central bond - rotates on side of bond

does not change different conformation

Question 12

rotation of double and triple bond

Answer 12

no rotation permitted

Question 13

isomer

Answer 13

same composition, different properties - distinguish levels of isomer

Question 14

structural/ constitutional isomerism

Answer 14

varies bonding arrangment

Question 15

stereoisomer

Answer 15

differ in structure typically in 3D

Question 16

different ways to represent molecules

Answer 16

constitution, empirical, molecular, structural, molecular configuration