acid and bases 1 Flashcards
why is it important
proteins made of sequence of amino acid - side chains
DNA and RNA - nucleic acid
phospholipids - head groups
acid
compound undergo chemical change - H+ ion
dissociate into ion - process in equilibrium process
HA H+ + A-
base
compound undergo chemical change - combine with H+
B + H+ BH+
e.g. ammonia to ammonium
acid and water e.g. HCL
HCL dissociate in water - HCL H+ + Cl-
H+ cannot exist independently - combine - H+ + water , H3O+
hydronium ion
H3O+
base and water
B + H2O BH+ + OH-
Bronsted-lowry
acid - H+ donor
base H+ acceptor
conjugated pair
acid needs base to donate H+ to etc
forward acid = back reaction base
extent of dissociation reaction
HA + H2O H3O+ + A-
extent of dissociation reaction in equilibrium
no overall change
back and forward reaction occur at same
extent of dissociation reaction in aqueous
happens almost instantaneously
strength
extent to which acid dissociates - position of equilibrium
strength of acid
readiness with acid donate H+ - H3O+
strength of base
readiness of base accepting H+ from water = OH-
strong acid
lies on RHS
dissociates and has weak conjugate base