Reactivity and electronic structure

Question 1

valence e-

Answer 1

number of electrons

Question 2

electronic structure of H

Answer 2

wants 2 e- around nucleus to be stable

Question 3

electronic structure of C, N, O, F

Answer 3

wants 8 e- around nucleus

also P, S, Br, I

Question 4

example of electronic structure - methane

Answer 4

C shares with H atoms therefore valence shell for C if full when sharing e-

Question 5

finding e- pairs

Answer 5

work from given chemical structure
find e- and deduce possible charges
has the octet rule

Question 6

radicals

Answer 6

does not fulfil octet rule

Question 7

highly reactive radicals

Answer 7

does not fulfil octet group

Question 8

electronegativity function

Answer 8

predict e- distribution (polarisation)

Question 9

resonance structure arrangement

Answer 9

arrangement remains same but e- distribution is different

sigma bond is also same

Question 10

resonance structure

Answer 10

when molecule is represented by 2/more hybrid structure

different in position of e- only

Question 11

making resonance function

Answer 11

• put all lone pairs and formal charges
• moving e- where pi e- in double bond in lone pair
• don’t make 5 bonded atom - including lone pair

Question 12

curly arrows

Answer 12

movement of e- pair from chemical bond - bond broken

Question 13

curly arrows falling between atoms

Answer 13

chemical bond formed

Question 14

if e- falls on atom

Answer 14

lone pair created

Question 15

importance of curly arrows / resonance structure

Answer 15

shows stability of molecules/ reactivity of molecular structure

Question 16

2 types of reactions

Answer 16

intermolecular

intramolecular

Question 17

intermolecular reaction

Answer 17

2 different molecules - 2 reaction function that are present

Question 18

intramolecular reaction

Answer 18

reaction present in the same molecules

Question 19

nucleophile

Answer 19

source of e-

e- donor

Question 20

electrophile

Answer 20

functional group/atom that receive e-

Question 21

reactivity for resonance form

Answer 21

water act as proton shuttle and enhance reactivity in biological system

Question 22

reactivity for resonance form equation

Answer 22

H2O + H+ H3O+