STDs Flashcards
What are five ways STDs can enter?
Mouth Genitalia Urinary Tract Rectum Skin
STDs are more common people with what?
More than one partner
What s inflammation of the urethra?
Urethritis
What is inflammation of the cervix?
Cervicitis
What is inflammation of oviduct?
Salpingitis
When do you get pelvic inflammatory disorder?
When STD progresses further into the peritoneum.
WHat are 2 types of STDs that can cause urethritis, cervicitis, salpingitis?
Gonorrhea, non-gonorrhea
What causes gonorrhea?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
direct contact with exudate from infected person
Is gonorrhea more symptomatic in males or females?
Males
What is the most common symptoms in males with gonorrhea?
Urethritis
Prurlent discharge
How quickly do signs of gonorrhea show up?
3-6 days
Where else can you see infections of gonorrhea?
Pharynx, conjuntivae and anus
In gonorrhea moves through lymphatics what can in produce in males? females?
Males- epididymis
Females- salpingitis
What causes a non-gonococcal infection?
Urethritis from pathogen other than Neisseria gonorrhoeae
What is the most common non-gonococcal infection?
Chlamydia trachomatis
Does gonorrhea or chalmydia have more severe symptoms?
gonorrhea
What are three systemic STDs?
Syphilis
Lymphogranuloma Venereum
Herpes virus infections
What are the five stages of syphilis?
Incubation Primary Secondary Latency Late
Which stages is syphilis communicable?
primary, secondary, latent
What causes syphilis?
Spirochete treponema pallidum
Syphilis causes pathological changes to what system?
Vascular system leading to inflammatory response
Syphilis leads to _______ inflammation.
Long-term
What is the incubation period for syphilis?
10-90 days (depends on strain)
What forms in the primary phase of syphilis?
Chancre- painless ulcerative lesion at point of invasion
Where does the chancre occurs in women?
Cervix, vagina
How long does it take for an untreated chancre to heal?
3-6 weeks
In which phase of syphilis do you have a low-grade fever, malaise, sore throat, heacache, lymphadenopathy, mucosal or cutaneous rash
Secondary phase of syphilis
In which phase of syphilis are you asymptomatic? How long does this phase last?
Latent phase
Can last up to 40 years
About 1/3 of people untreated with syphilis enter what phase?
Late phase
What happens during the late phase of syphilis?
Widespread destruction of CV tissue
Possibly CNS damage
What causes lymphogranuloma Venereum?
Chlamydia trachomatis
What are the three stages of lymphogranuloma venereum?
Primary lesion, lymphandenitis, late complications
What disease is found primarily in tropical parts of the world?
Lymphogranuloma
Venereum
In what condition doe abscesses form as multiple lymph nodes interact and can rupture through skin and body cavities?
Lymphogranuloma venereum
What is the incubation period of lymphogranuloma venereum?
1-3 weeks
2 weeks after the primary lesion in lymphogranuloma venereum what happens?
Inguinal lymph nodes swell with fever and malaise
Reproductive organs also swell due to block lymph nodes
Where does HSV-1 occur?
Above waist
Where does HSV-2 occur?
Most genital, anal, perianal
What 3 characteristics do both types of herpes share?
Initially self-limiting
Reactivation leads to recurrence of lesions
Reactivation mechanism unknown
What is the three was HSV-1 is transmitted?
Saliva
Stool
Urine
How is HSV-2 transmitted?
Vaginal fluids or fluids from the penis
Can HSV-2 be passed above the waist?
Yes
Can HSV-1 be passed below the waist?
No
What is the incubation of HSV-2?
3-7 days
What is the first sign of HSV-2?
Appearance of fluid-filled vesicles
What is the primary site of HSV-2 infection?
Cervix
In males, where are the primary infection sites of HSV_2?
Glans penis
Foreskin
Penile shaft
Vesicles in HSV-2 rupture and turn into what?
Painful ulcers
Why is HSV a systemic disordeR?
Every once in awhile it can spread to visceral organs
What 2 localized STDs cause ulcerative lesions?
Chancroid
Granuloma inguinale
What 2 localized STDs cause non-ulcerative lesions?
Molluscum contagiosum
Condylomata acuminata
What is an ulcerative, infective disease of the genital tract that is caused by anaerobic bacillus Haemophilus dureyi?
Chancroid
In which gender does chancroid show up in?
Males
What is a common co-infection with Chancroid?
HIV
When is chancroid communicable?
While lesions are present
Chancroid causes genital ulcers and can ______
Self-infect
What is the farthest chancroid will go?
Inguinal lymph nodes- not systemic so won’t go farther
Canckersores have what type edges?
Hard raised edges
Chancroids have what type edges?
Soft raged edges
Pus
What STD will destroy a person’s genitalia?
Granuloma INguinale
What STD is caused by calymmatobacterium granulomatis?
Granuloma Inguinale
What population is granuloma inguinale prevalent in?
Homosexual males
Which STD may not be an STD?
Granuloma Inguinale (may be normal flora of GI tract- found in rectal canal)
What is the incubation period with granuloma INguinale?
Variable
What is the initial stage of granuloma inguinale?
Painless papule or nodule that ulcerates (looks more like a tumor than ulcer) High vascular lesion
What leads to the erosion of genitals in granuloma inguinale?
secondary infection
What STD is caused by member of poxvirus family?
Molluscum Contagiosum
What do lesions look like in molluscum contagiosum?
Pink to white lesions with exudate core on genitals
Do lesions in molluscum contagiosum rupture?
No- because they are mostly limited to the epidermis
How long does it take for molluscum contagiosum take to self limit?
2 years
Is there a treatment for molluscum contagiosum?
Not really- can burn the lesions off
What is a STD caused by HPV that appears similar to warts?
Condylomata Acuminata
What is the incubation period of condylomata acuminata?
1-20 months
Condylomata acuminata can be passed in what two fashions?
Sexual and non-sexual transmission
Condylomata acuminata infects what?
Single epithelial cells which then divides uncontrollable and produces a wart-like lesion
What symptoms occur with condylomata acuminata?
Asymptomatic
