Stats Topic 9 Flashcards
1
Q
External Validity
A
External validity refers to the extent to which research findings can be generalized beyond the specific study sample and setting.
2
Q
Importance of external validity
A
- A study with high external validity allows its results to be applicable to other populations, time periods, and settings.
- Generalizability: The ability to apply findings to real-world situations is a key concern in research.
3
Q
Threats to External Validity
A
Factors such as sample bias, situational variables, and interaction effects may limit how well the findings can be generalized.
4
Q
Linear Relationships
A
These studies investigate the relationship between two continuous variables, often using correlation or regression analysis.
5
Q
Associations
A
These studies assess whether variables are related without necessarily implying causation.
6
Q
Key Features of linear relationships and associations
A
- Use of correlational methods (e.g., Pearson’s correlation coefficient) to measure the strength and direction of relationships.
- Graphical representation of data (scatterplots) to visualize trends.
- Regression analysis to predict one variable based on another.
- Consideration of confounding variables that may influence relationships.
7
Q
Evaluation Components on Linear Relationships/Association
A
- Prior Studies: Review how the study aligns or contrasts with existing research.
- Significance of Findings: Assess the strength and meaning of correlations found.
- Implications: Consider theoretical and practical applications.
- Limitations: Identify methodological weaknesses affecting reliability and validity.
- Alternative Interpretations & Future Studies: Explore other possible explanations and suggest areas for further research.
8
Q
Evaluating Discussion Section
A
- Should integrate findings with theoretical frameworks.
- Must clearly establish the contribution to existing knowledge.
- Needs to acknowledge limitations and suggest improvements.
