States of matter Flashcards
Give the definition of diffusion.
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Give the definition for ‘melting point’
The temperature at which a material undergoes a change in state from a solid to a liquid.
Give the definition for boiling point.
The temperature at which a material undergoes a change in state from a liquid to a gas.
Give the definition for dilution.
The process by which a concentrated solution becomes less concentrated.
Give the definition of a solvent.
The liquid in which a solid dissolves.
Give the definition of a solute.
The substance that dissolves in a liquid to form a solution.
Give the definition of a solution.
The mixture formed when a solute has dissolved in a solvent.
Give the definition of a saturated solution.
A chemical solution containing the maximum concentration of a solute dissolved in the solvent.
Give the definition of solubility.
The maximum amount of solute which dissolves in a solvent.
What is solubility measured in?
grams of solid solute per 100 grams of solvent.
What effect does increasing temperature of the solvent have on the solubility of a solute?
It increases the solubility, meaning more solute can be dissolved.
Describe the arrangement of particles in a solid.
- in a fixed position
- little energy
- tightly packed
- cannot move but can vibrate
- fixed position and regular arrangement
Describe the arrangement of particles in a liquid.
- can move past each other
- always touching
- more energy than a solid
- random position
Describe the arrangement of particles in a gas.
- spaced out
- move freely and quickly
- most energy out of the three states
- arranged randomly
Liquid to solid
Freezing
