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old GCSE Chemistry > Gases In The Atmosphere > Flashcards

Gases In The Atmosphere Flashcards

1
Q

Percentage of nitrogen in the air

A

78%

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2
Q

Percentage of oxygen in the air

A

21%

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3
Q

Percentage of water in the air

A

0.04%

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4
Q

Percentage of carbon dioxide in the air

A

0.04%

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5
Q

Percentage of argon in the air

A

0.9%

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6
Q

How do you determine the percentage of O2 in the air using a metal?

A

The percentage of oxygen in the air can be measured by passing a known volume of air over hot copper and measuring the decrease in volume as the oxygen reacts with it using gas syringes.

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7
Q

How do you determine the percentage of O2 in air using phosphorous?

A

The phosphorus is lit with a hot wire. It reacts with oxygen in the air and causes the water level in the jar to rise by about 20%.

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8
Q

What can you use instead of phosphorus and why would this be ideal?

A

Phosphorus is quite toxic, so you may also use iron.

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9
Q

Observations of combustion of magnesium in oxygen.

A

Bright white flame.

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10
Q

Magnesium + oxygen ->

A

Magnesium oxide

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11
Q

Product of combustion of magnesium in oxygen and its pH

A

MgO is a base (8-10 pH)

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12
Q

Sulphur + oxygen ->

A

Sulphur dioxide

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13
Q

State and colour of magnesium at room temperature

A

Shiny grey solid

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14
Q

State and colour of magnesium oxide at room temperature

A

White powder

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15
Q

State and colour of sulphur at room temperature

A

Yellow powder

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16
Q

State and colour of sulphur dioxide at room temperature

A

White fumes (gas)

17
Q

Observations of combustion of sulphur in oxygen.

A

Blue flame

18
Q

pH of sulphur dioxide

A

A strong acid

19
Q

Combustion of hydrogen in oxygen observations

A

Colourless flame

20
Q

Hydrogen state and colour at room temperature

A

Colourless gas

21
Q

Test for hydrogen

A

Hold a burning splint near test tube - if it pops, hydrogen is present.

22
Q

Observations from the thermal decomposition of copper carbonate

A

Green powder (copper carbonate) turns into a black powder (copper oxide)

23
Q

Copper (II) carbonate ->

A

Copper oxide + carbon dioxide

24
Q

On heating, —— decompose into —— and CO2.

A
  1. Metal carbonates

2. Metal oxides

25
Q

Why is CO2 harmful for the environment?

A
  • CO2 is a greenhouse gas
  • it absorbs infra red radiation and therefore warms up the atmosphere
  • this leads to global warming, which may cause climate change.

old GCSE Chemistry (34 decks)

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