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Acids and bases Flashcards

1
Q

Define an acid

A

A proton donor

A supplier of H+ ions

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2
Q

Define a base

A

A proton acceptor

A source of OH- ions

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3
Q

State the difference between an alkali and a base.

A

Alkalis are soluble bases.

All alkalis are bases but not all bases are alkalis.

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4
Q

What colour does red/blue litmus (paper) turn in hydrochloric acid

A

Red

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5
Q

What colour does red/ blue litmus (paper) turn in a hydroxide solution.

A

Blue

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6
Q

What colour does phenolphthalein turn in hydrochloric acid.

A

Colourless

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7
Q

What colour would phenolphthalein turn in hydroxide solution.

A

Bright pink

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8
Q

What colour does methyl orange turn in hydrochloric acid

A

Red

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9
Q

What colour does methyl orange turn in hydroxide solution

A

Yellow

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10
Q

What colour does UI solution turn in hydrochloric acid

A

Red

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11
Q

What colour does UI turn in hydroxide solution.

A

Blue

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12
Q

When do we use a paper indicator instead of a liquid indicator.

A

When testing a gas

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13
Q

What is an acid a source of

A

H+ ions

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14
Q

What is a base a source of

A

OH- ions

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15
Q

What is an acid in terms of protons

A

A proton donor

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16
Q

What is a base in terms of protons

A

A proton acceptor

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17
Q

Ammonia + hydrochloric acid —>

A

Ammonium chloride (neutral)

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18
Q

Is ammonia an alkali or an acid?

A

An acid

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19
Q

Metal + acid —>

A

Salt + hydrogen

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20
Q

What would you observe when reacting magnesium and hydrochloric acid?

A

Effervescence

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21
Q

What gas is produced when reacting magnesium and hydrochloric acid

A

Hydrogen

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22
Q

Metal oxide + acid —>

A

Salt + water

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23
Q

Copper oxide + hydrochloric acid

A

Copper chloride + water

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24
Q

Sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid

A

Sodium chloride + water

25
Q

Acid + metal carbonate

A

Salt + water + co2

26
Q

Acid + metal hydroxide

A

Salt + water

27
Q

What is definitely soluble

A

Sodium, potassium, ammonium compounds
Nitrates
Chlorides apart from silver and lead(II)
Sulphates apart from barium, calcium and lead (II)

28
Q

What is definitely insoluble

A

Carbonates apart from sodium, potassium and ammonium

Hydroxides apart from ================ and calcium

29
Q

When non metals burn in oxygen, ———— form.

A

Non metal oxides

30
Q

When non metal oxides are dissolved in water they turn UI from ———- to ———

A

Green to red

31
Q

Non metal oxides dissolved in water are acidic

True or false

32
Q

When metals burn in oxygen ———— form.

A

Metal oxides

33
Q

Metal oxides when dissolved in water turn UI from green to ———

34
Q

State the formula for Hydrochloric acid

35
Q

Formula for Sulfuric acid

36
Q

Formula for nitric acid

37
Q

Formula and charge of carbonate

38
Q

Formula and charge for sulfate

39
Q

Formula and charge for nitrate

40
Q

Formula and charge for hydroxide

41
Q

Formula and charge of ammonium

42
Q

Charge of Ag (silver)

43
Q

Charge for Zn (zinc).

44
Q

Charge of Pb (lead)

45
Q

Give two definitions of an acid

A
  1. An acid reacts with a base to make a neutral solution and dissociates with water to form H+ ions
  2. An acid is a proton donor
46
Q

Give two definitions of a base

A
  1. A substance that will react with an acid to form a neutral solution and will increase the concentration of OH ions in water when dissolved in it.
  2. A proton acceptor
47
Q

H+ + OH- ———>

48
Q

Is silver chloride (in)soluble?

49
Q

Is magnesium nitrate soluble.

50
Q

Is iron nitrate soluble

51
Q

State the observations of sodium reacting with oxygen

A

An intense yellow flame and a white solid being produced

52
Q

State the observations when magnesium reacts with oxygen

A

A bright white flame and a white solid being produced

53
Q

State the observations when sulphur reacts with oxygen

A

A pale blue flame and white fumes being produced

54
Q

State the observations of when carbon reacts with oxygen

A

Glowed red

55
Q

What colour does carbon dioxide turn in UI

56
Q

What colour does sulphur dioxide turn in UI

57
Q

What colour does magnesium oxide turn in UI

58
Q

What colour does sodium oxide turn in UI

old GCSE Chemistry (34 decks)

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