States of Matter Flashcards
Movement of molecules in a substance depends on _______ energy.
Gamma ray
heat
X-ray
UV
heat
Which of the following statements is true?
Melting is the transition of a substance from a liquid to a solid.
A phase diagram is a graph of physical states of a substance under varying pressures as a function of temperature.
Melting is the phase transition of a substance from a gas to a liquid.
The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which three phases of a substance may coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium.
The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which three phases of a substance may coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium.
Extra:
In thermodynamics, the triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of that substance coexist in equilibrium.
Which of the following definitions is correct?
Liquids have a constant volume but not a constant shape.
Solids lack a constant volume but have a constant shape.
Solids have neither a constant volume nor a constant shape.
Gases have a constant volume and constant shape.
Liquids have a constant volume but not a constant shape.
Extra:
Liquids can occupy whatever shape their container has, so they do not have a fixed shape. Because the particles in liquids are very close together (barely further apart than in solids) liquids do not easily compress, so their volume is fixed.
A gas is a substance with no definite volume and no definite shape. Solids and liquids have volumes that do not change easily.
A solid has a definite shape and volume. There are two kinds of solids—crystalline and amorphous.
Which of the following statements correctly describes “sublimation”?
The transition of a substance from solid to gas without passing through the liquid state
A transition between two gases
The transition of a liquid to solid
A transition between two types of liquid
The transition of a substance from solid to gas without passing through the liquid state
Which of the following components can be found in a phase graph?
A “triple point” where three slightly different types of solid coexist
A “critical point”where the substance is indistinguishable between solid and gaseous states
Temperature and pressure as its axes
Pressure and time as its axes
Temperature and pressure as its axes
The amount of movement within a substance:
Is a characteristic only of liquids
Is a characteristic only of solids
Depends on the state of matter of the substance
Is a characteristic only of gases
Depends on the state of matter of the substance
Which of the following descriptions is correct?
Liquid: no definite volume and constant shape
Solid: no constant volume and no constant shape
Gas: constant volume and a definite shape
Gas: no definite volume and no definite shape
Gas: no definite volume and no definite shape
Which of the following statements is true?
Freezing is the transition of a liquid to a solid
The critical point is a graph representing the number of atoms that change with time in a solid
The critical point is the start point of a phase equilibrium curve
Condensation is the transition of a liquid to gas
Freezing is the transition of a liquid to solid
Which of the following terms best describes a sample composed of particles that can be squeezed together?
Solid
Gas
Plasma
Liquid
Gas
Why are gases compressible whereas solids are not compressible?
Particles in a gas move slowly relative to particles in a solid.
Particles in a gas have a large amount of empty space between them.
Particles in a gas are held closely together by magnetic forces.
Particles in a gas are held closely together by intermolecular forces.
Particles in a gas have a large amount of empty space between them.
By looking at a phase diagram of water, what can be assessed?
Triple point of carbon monoxide
Boiling point for carbon monoxide
State of water when only the pressure is known
Pressure and temperature are needed to change water from liquid to gas
Pressure and temperature are needed to change water from liquid to gas
By looking at a phase diagram of carbon dioxide, what can be assessed?
The state of carbon dioxide when only its pressure is known
The pressure needed to change carbon dioxide from solid to gas
The triple point of carbon dioxide
The sublimation point of water
The triple point of carbon dioxide
Which of the following statements correctly describes “deposition”?
The transition of a liquid to solid with an extremely high energy consumption
A state change that happens above the critical point
The transition of a substance from gas to solid without passing through the liquid state
The transition of a gas to solid with an extremely high energy consumption
The transition of a substance from gas to solid without passing through the liquid state
Extra:
Deposition occurs when a substance goes directly from the gas state to the solid state. This means it skips over the liquid state, like sublimation (when a substance goes directly from the solid state to the gas state).
In contrast to sublimation, the process of deposition releases energy. An example of deposition is the formation of frost. In cold temperatures, water vapor undergoes deposition to form a thin layer of solid ice on plants and grass.
The direct transition from a solid to a gas may occur through which of the following processes?
Condensation
Sublimation
Decomposition
Melting
Sublimation
