Genitourinary System Flashcards
Which of the following is the correct order of structures that transport urine from the collecting ducts to the urethra?
Collecting ducts, Renal pelvis, Minor calyces, Major calyces, Ureter, Urinary bladder, Urethra
Collecting ducts, Minor calyces, Major calyces, Renal pelvis, Ureter, Urinary bladder, Urethra
Collecting ducts, Major calyces, Minor Calyces, Renal pelvis, Ureter, Urinary bladder, Urethra
Collecting ducts, Minor calyces, Major calyces, Renal pelvis, Urinary bladder, Ureter, Urethra
Collecting ducts, Minor calyces, Major calyces, Renal pelvis, Ureter, Urinary bladder, Urethra
The basic function of the renal system includes filtration, secretion, reabsorption, and excretion. Which of the following substances is secreted by the nephrons and can be found in the filtrate that is eventually excreted?
Amino Acids
Sodium
Creatinine
Glucose
Creatinine
Certain food sources provide more urea than others. Which of the following foods would provide the most urea that would have to be filtered out of the blood via the kidneys?
Oils, such as olive and vegetable
Grains, such as pasta and rice
Proteins, such as meats and eggs
Fruits, such as pears and oranges
Proteins, such as meats and eggs
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is essential in regulating blood pressure. Which of the following hormones involved in RAAS is produced by the kidney?
Aldosterone
Angiotensin II
Angiotensin I
Renin
Renin
Which of the following is a substance that the kidneys remove from the blood during filtration?
Oxygen
Salts
Red Blood Cells
Carbon Dioxide
Salts
Where are the glomeruli and Bowman’s capsules found?
Renal column
Renal cortex
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Renal Cortex
________ is not normally found in urine, and its presence may indicate a problem with the kidneys.
Ammonium
Albumin
Urea
Bilirubin
Albumin
Filtration of blood occurs in the renal corpuscles. Which of the following is not part of the renal corpuscles?
Bowman’s capsule
Glomerulus
Glomerular Basement Membrane
Vasa Recta
Vasa Recta
One of the primary functions of the kidney is to filter blood in order to remove substances that have no useful function in the body. Which of the following is the correct path of blood from the abdominal aorta to the inferior vena cava (IVC)?
abdominal aorta – renal arteries – interlobar arteries – segmental arteries – arcuate arteries – interlobular arteries – afferent arteries – glomerulus – efferent arteries – peritubular capillaries – interlobular veins – arcuate veins – interlobar veins – renal veins – inferior vena cava
abdominal aorta – renal arteries – segmental arteries – interlobar arteries – arcuate arteries – interlobular arteries – efferent arteries – glomerulus – afferent arteries – peritubular capillaries – interlobular veins – arcuate veins – interlobar veins – renal veins – inferior vena cava
abdominal aorta – renal arteries – interlobar arteries – interlobular arteries – segmental arteries – arcuate arteries – afferent arteries – glomerulus – efferent arteries – peritubular capillaries – interlobular veins – arcuate veins – interlobar veins – renal veins – inferior vena cava
abdominal aorta – renal arteries – segmental arteries – interlobar arteries – arcuate arteries – interlobular arteries – afferent arteries – glomerulus – efferent arteries – peritubular capillaries – interlobular veins – arcuate veins – interlobar veins – renal veins – inferior vena cava
abdominal aorta – renal arteries – segmental arteries – interlobar arteries – arcuate arteries – interlobular arteries – afferent arteries – glomerulus – efferent arteries – peritubular capillaries – interlobular veins – arcuate veins – interlobar veins – renal veins – inferior vena cava
What is the upper expanded region of the ureter called?
Renal pelvis
Renal papilla
Renal cortex
Renal pyramids
Renal pelvis
___________ is the site of blood filtration in the human body.
The small intestine
The kidney
The heart
The lung
The kidney
Which of the following secretes the antidiuretic hormone?
Pineal gland
Liver
Lungs
Pituitary gland
Pituitary gland
In the presence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), or vasopressin, water is mostly reabsorbed in the ___________ of the nephron.
Loop of henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct
Proximal convoluted tubule
The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron. A nephron is made up of renal tubules and renal corpuscles, both of which perform different functions. Which of the following parts of the nephron is not correctly paired with its function?
Proximal Convoluted Tubules – Reabsorption of ions and solutes
Glomerulus – Filtration of blood
Collecting Ducts – Secretion of water
Loop of Henle – Reabsorption of water
Collecting Ducts – Secretion of water
Which of the following components of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is not correctly paired with its function?
Aldosterone – sodium and water reabsorption
Renin – cleavage of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) – activation of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
Angiotensin II – vasoconstriction and elevation of blood pressure
Aldosterone – sodium and water reabsorption
