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ATI TEAS > Neuromuscular System > Flashcards

Neuromuscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following parts and divisions of the nervous system is correctly paired?

autonomic division/ peripheral nervous system
autonomic division/ central nervous system
spinal cord/ peripheral nervous system
brain/ peripheral nervous system

A

autonomic division/ peripheral nervous system

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2
Q

Which of the following incorrectly describes neurons?

Motor neurons carry efferent impulses.
Sensory neurons carry information away from the brain.
Sensory neurons carry afferent impulses.
Motor neurons cause muscle contractions.

A

Sensory neurons carry information away from the brain.

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3
Q

Which of the following is incorrect about muscle contraction?

Actin and myosin filaments shorten during contraction.
Sarcomeres shorten during contraction.
Neurotransmitters stimulate muscle contraction.
Muscle contraction requires ATP.

A

Actin and myosin filaments shorten during contraction.

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4
Q

What is the role of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?

Produce neurotransmitters
Store ions for action potential propagation
Insulate axons
Transport organelles and macromolecules

A

Insulate axons

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5
Q

Which of the following parts of the brain is responsible for posture, balance and movement coordination?

Temporal lobe
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
Occipital lobe

A

Cerebellum

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6
Q

Which of the following is the basic contractile unit of the skeletal muscle?

Sarcolemma
Z-disc
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Sarcomere

A

Sarcomere

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7
Q

Skeletal muscle contraction is stimulated by the release of which neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction?

Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
Epinephrine

A

Acetylcholine

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8
Q

Which of the following structures divide and multiply in cases of injury or disease?

Axons
Dendrites
Cell bodies
Glial cells

A

Glial cells

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9
Q

Which of the following describes the role of acetylcholine in muscle contraction?

Binding of acetylcholine results in the repolarization of the sarcolemma.
Acetylcholine binds to the sarcolemma to open calcium channels.
Acetylcholine binds to the membrane receptor and inhibits the stimulation and contraction of muscle fiber.
Acetylcholine binds to the membrane receptor in the sarcolemma and facilitates opening of the sodium channels.

A

Acetylcholine binds to the membrane receptor in the sarcolemma and facilitates opening of the sodium channels.

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10
Q

Dopamine is one of the neurotransmitters in the nervous system. What happens when dopamine is released into the nerve synapse?

Firing of an action potential by the presynaptic cell
Excitation and contraction of the presynaptic cell
Binding of dopamine to the membrane receptor of the postsynaptic cell
Dopamine will enter the cytoplasm of the postsynaptic cell

A

Binding of dopamine to the membrane receptor of the postsynaptic cell

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11
Q

Which of the following types of muscles are involuntary?

cardiac and visceral
skeletal only
skeletal and visceral
cardiac and skeletal

A

cardiac and visceral

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12
Q

Which of the following functional types of nerves is correctly paired with the impulse it carries?

afferent/ motor nerves
efferent/ sensory nerves
afferent/ carry stimulus towards the central nervous system
efferent / carry stimulus away from the peripheral nervous system.

A

afferent/ carry stimulus towards the central nervous system

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13
Q

Which of the following refers to the process of nerve stimulation wherein the action potential is generated through several stimulations released in rapid succession by a single source?

Continuous conduction
Saltatory conduction
Spatial summation
Temporal summation

A

Temporal summation

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14
Q

Which of the following parts of neurons is correctly paired with its function?

axon / sends stimulus to axon terminal
dendrites/ site of metabolic activities
axon terminal / receives stimulus from cell body
cell body/ releases neurotransmitters

A

axon / sends stimulus to axon terminal

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15
Q

Which of the following correctly pairs an action with the nervous system that controls it?

heart contraction/ somatic
breathing/ somatic
chewing/ autonomic
digestion/ autonomic

A

digestion/ autonomic

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16
Q

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is primarily responsible for stimulating activities that would increase alertness during periods of stress and anxiety. Which of the following activities is not a sympathetic response?

Increase in blood pressure
Sweating
Increase in salivation
Dilation of the pupils

A

Increase in salivation

17
Q

Which of the following disorders is caused by the degenerative demyelination of motor neurons resulting in dysfunction of voluntary muscles?

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Muscle sprain
Muscle strain
Muscular dystrophy

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

18
Q

Transecting injuries to the spinal cord will have detrimental effect to which of the following?

Brain and spinal cord
Somatic and autonomic systems
Autonomic system
Somatic system

A

Somatic and autonomic systems

19
Q

Which of the following is the thick contractile protein found in the sarcomere?

Tropomyosin
Actin
Troponin
Myosin

A

Myosin

20
Q

In the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction, which of the following ions bind to troponin and initiate actin-myosin binding?

Sodium
Potassium
Iron
Calcium

A

Calcium

21
Q

Which division of the nervous system facilitates muscle contraction?

Somatic division
Autonomic division
Involuntary division
Visceral division

A

Somatic division

22
Q

During contraction, thin ________________ filaments slide past the thick ______________ filaments which result to shortening of sarcomere and contraction of the muscle.

actin/ myosin
myosin/ troponin
troponin/ tropomyosin
actin/ tropomyosin

A

actin/ myosin

23
Q

Which of the following is true about the role of ATP in muscle contraction and relaxation?

ATP is needed during muscle relaxation only.
ATP is needed for the release of neurotransmitters.
ATP is needed during muscle contraction only.
ATP is needed for both the relaxation and contraction of muscle.

A

ATP is needed for both relaxation and contraction of muscle.

24
Q

Which of the following does not describe a sarcomere?

It shortens in length when actin and myosin slide past each other during contraction.
It completely surrounds the muscle fiber.
It is made up of fibrous protein filaments.
It is the contractile unit of a muscle.

A

It completely surrounds the muscle fiber.

25
Q

Which of the following is the result of demyelination?

Defective transport of organelles and macromolecules from cell body to axon
Disrupted propagation of action potential along the axon
Uptake of neurotransmitters will be inhibited
Neurotransmitters will not be produced

A

Disrupted propagation of action potential along the axon

ATI TEAS (23 decks)

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