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ATI TEAS > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following causes bone matrix synthesis and calcification?

Osteoclasts
Hydroxyapatite
Osteoblasts
Osteoporosis

A

Osteoblasts

Extra:
Osteoblasts are the cells responsible for bone matrix synthesis and calcification, while osteoclasts remove the calcified bone matrix during bone growth and remodeling.

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2
Q

Which of the following correctly describes the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

Compact bone is located more interior than spongy bone
Spongy bone is lighter than compact bone
Compact bone has trabeculae that support the bone marrow
Spongy bone has more osteons than compact bone

A

Spongy bone is lighter than compact bone

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3
Q

______ is an inflammatory conditions of the joints brought on by the gradual wear-and-tear of cartilage that lines the articular ends of bones.

Rheumatoid arthritis
Brittle Bone Disease
Osteoarthritis
Osteoporosis

A

Osteoarthritis

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4
Q

Which of the following is a flat bone?

Wrist bone
Ankle bone
Vertebrae
Scapulae

A

Scapulae

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5
Q

Blood vessels that supply nutrients and oxygen enter the bone tissues through the __________.

Lamellae
Osteons
Lacunae
Volkmann canals

A

Volkmann canals

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6
Q

Physiologically, bone resorption and deposition are in equilibrium. Which of the following is the result of inhibition of bone resorption and prevention of calcium removal from the bone?

Achondroplastic dwarfism
Muscle atrophy
Hypocalcemia
Kyphosis

A

Hypocalcemia

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7
Q

The epiphyseal plate, which is responsible for the growth in the length of a bone, is made of which of the following?

Osteoclasts
Osteocytes
Osteons
Cartilage

A

Cartilage

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8
Q

The yellow marrow-containing space found within adult bone diaphysis is called the:

Osteon
Volkmann canal
Medullary cavity
Lamellae

A

Medullary Cavity

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9
Q

A chronic inflammation of joints due to autoimmune destruction of articular cartilage is called __________.

Osteoarthritis
Brittle Bone Disease
Osteoporosis
Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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10
Q

Sesamoid bones develop from tendons. Which of the following are sesamoid bones?

Phalanges
Scapulae
Metatarsals
Patellae

A

Patellae

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11
Q

Which of the following causes bone matrix resorption during bone growth and remodeling?

Osteons
Osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts

A

Osteoclasts

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12
Q

When someone is immobile, they may experience loss of bone density due to _________.

Muscle atrophy
Demineralization
Ossification
Tetany

A

Demineralization

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13
Q

Fragile bones due to production of deficient or defective collagen as a result of a genetic defect is a characteristic of which of the following conditions?

Osteoporosis
Kyphosis
Tetany
Brittle Bone Disease

A

Brittle Bone Disease

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14
Q

The site where two or more bones meet is called a __________________.

cartilage
joint
tendon
ligament

A

joint

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15
Q

Which of the following bones is responsible for side-to-side movement of the head?

Atlas
Axis
Sacrum
Coccyx

A

Axis

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16
Q

The inhibition of activity or function of osteoblasts at the epiphyseal plate will result in which of the following?

Excessive polymerization of collagen fibers
The mineralization of bone matrix will be halted
Formation of osteons will be unregulated
Osteoblasts will become inactive

A

Mineralization of bone matrix will be halted

17
Q

Which of the following structures allows motion around a single axis and only permits flexion and extension?

Hinge joint
Suture joint
Ball-and-socket joint
Short bone

A

Hinge joint

18
Q

Which of the following structures connects a bone and a muscle together and serves to move the bone?

Cartilage
Marrow
Tendons
Ligaments

A

Tendons

19
Q

_________ is the tough connective tissue that covers the bone surface.

Synovium
Suture
Periosteum
Cartilage

A

Periosteum

20
Q

Which of the following is a component of the axial skeleton that does not form a joint with other bones of the human body?

Sternum
Sinus
Mandible
Hyoid bone

A

Hyoid bone

ATI TEAS (23 decks)

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