General Anatomy and Phsyiology Flashcards
What describes cellular respiration?
oxidative catabolic activity
Which of the following types of tissues functions in the covering, lining, and protection of surfaces and body cavities?
Epithelial Tissue
The respiratory system is composed of organs that facilitate gas exchange between the blood and the external environment. Which of the following describes the group of organs that function during gas exchange?
Organ System
Extra:
Tissues are a collection of specialized cells that perform a specific functions (e.g. protection, support, nerve conduction and movement).
A group of tissues that has a specialized function is referred to as an organ.
A group of organs that work together to perform several related functions is an organ system.
White blood cells contain many _________ because they need to dispose of harmful intruders such as bacteria and viruses. Which of the following options correctly completes the statement above?
Lysosomes
Extra:
Mitochondria are the organelles responsible for generating energy-rich molecules for the cell.
The Golgi apparatus collects small molecules and combines them to make more complex molecules within the cell. Then it packages up the complex molecules to either store or to send out of the cell.
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. mRNA is translated into proteins by the ribosomes.
Which of the following organ systems is correctly paired with its function?
- Digestive/ waste elimination
- Endocrine/ regulation of homeostasis through hormone signaling
- Circulatory/ obtaining nutrients necessary for growth, energy and normal body processes
- Excretory/ transport of substance to all tissues of the body
Endocrine/ regulation of homeostasis through hormone signaling
Extra:
The Endocrine system is responsible for regulating homeostasis through hormone signaling.
The Digestive system is responsible for obtaining nutrients through the breakdown and absorption of food.
The Circulatory system is responsible for transport of substance to all tissues of the body.
The Excretory system is primarily responsible for waste elimination.
anatomical position
Upright, arms at sides, palms facing anteriorly
HIV is a virus that destroys the body’s defense against diseases by inserting itself into the host’s DNA. In which part of the infected host cell will HIV virus be found?
Nucleus
HIV infects a host cell by integrating its genetic material with the genetic material of the host cell. Genetic material is located in the nucleus.
Osteoblasts are specialized cells that secrete the protein collagen and other substances necessary for bone formation. Which of the following organelles is more likely to be predominant in osteoblasts?
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are the organelles responsible for protein synthesis, so it is expected to be predominant in protein-secreting cells such as osteoblasts.
Which of the following is the correct order of structures from simple to most complex?
Mitochondria, neurons, nerve tissues, brain
formation of new cells in order to replace worn-out and damaged cells during injury?
Mitosis
Which of the following is not located on the anterior region of the human body?
- Sternum
- Mandible
- Clavicle
- Vertebral column
Vertebral Column
Which of the types of tissue is responsible for providing the matrix that supports and connects other tissues of the body?
Connective
Which of the following is the name of the imaginary vertical plane that equally divides the body into left and right?
Sagittal
Extra:
The sagittal plane is also a vertical plane but it equally divides the body into left and right.
The Coronal plane is an imaginary vertical plane that divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior).
The horizontal, or transverse, plane is an imaginary plane at right angle with coronal and sagittal planes and it divides the body into superior(up/cranial) and inferior(down/caudal).
Which of the following steps of protein synthesis occurs in the nucleus?
Replication
Transcription to mRNA
Translation to amino acid
Elongation
Transcription to mRNA
Which of the following describes the function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Facilitates movement of substance in and out of the cell
Intracellular digestion of damaged structures, macromolecules, and bacteria
Synthesis and transport of proteins
Conversion of nutrients to ATP
Synthesis and transport of proteins
