Properties of Substances Flashcards
Which of the following can be classified as an intensive property?
Mass
Volume
Density
Entropy
Density
Which of the following is a unique property of water?
It has a low specific heat
It has five different states
Its ability to dissolve so many solutes that it is called the “universal solvent”
It is one of the few substances whose liquid state can float on its solid state
Its ability to dissolve so many solutes that it is called the “universal solvent”
Which of the following statements is true about hydrogen bonds?
They don’t affect the properties of water in any way
They form between a partial positively charged region on one molecule and the partial negatively charged region on another molecule
They are considered strong attractive forces
They result from the attraction between ions that have no charge
They form between a partial positively charged region on one molecule and the partial negatively charged region on another molecule
Which of the following substances will not dissolve in water?
NaCl
Mg(OH)2
NH4NO3
C2H5OH
Mg(OH)2
Extra:
Hydroxides are generally insoluble. Mg(OH)2 is insoluble in water. This means it will not dissolve into solution by breaking apart into magnesium ions and hydroxide ions. This is most likely due to the fact that Magnesium (Mg) is a stronger attractor of the OH- ions in comparison to the Hydrogen atoms in water.
Which of the following characteristics applies to the bonds holding together nonpolar covalent molecules?
They can be formed only between two different atoms
They can be formed only between two identical atoms
They occur when two atoms share a pair of metal ions with each other
They occur when two atoms share a pair of electrons with each other
They occur when two atoms share a pair of electrons with each other
Which of the following statements about osmosis is true?
Osmosis involves the movement of water from regions of high solute concentration to regions of low solute concentration.
Osmosis involves a selectively permeable membrane
Osmosis is the diffusion of salt
Osmotic pressure is the main cause plant cell death
Osmosis involves a selectively permeable membrane
Which of the following can be classified as an extensive property?
Luster
Entropy
Melting point
Malleability
Entropy
Extra:
An extensive property is one in which a physical quantity (amount) is impacted by the size of the system it describes or by the amount of matter within that system. One example of an extensive property is entropy.
Since entropy can be defined as the amount of “randomness” or “disorder” in a system, it is directly impacted by both the size of the system and the amount of matter within it.
If an intensive property is independent of the material being measured, which of the following is an example of an intensive property?
Volume
Length
Entropy
Boiling point
Boiling point
Which of the following is correct about Diffusion?
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
Osmosis is not an example of diffusion
Gas exchange in tissues in not an example of diffusion
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
Which of the following is a unique property of water?
Its low surface tension
When freezing, water molecules can form hydrogen bonds more easily
Its volume decreases when freezing
Its exceptional low heat of vapourization
When freezing, water molecules can form hydrogen bonds more easily
At what temperature does water have its maximum density?
-10 degrees Celsius
10 degrees Celsius
0 degrees Celsius
4 degrees Celsius
4 degrees Celsius
Which of the following substances will dissolve in water?
Mg(OH)2
Sr3(PO4)2
NaCl
PbBr2
NaCl
Extra:
Ionic compounds, such as NaCl (table salt), are highly soluble in water. Because water molecules are polar, they interact with the sodium and chloride ions. This is because polar molecules have atoms with partial positive and negative charges, so they are able to interact with the positively and negatively charged sodium and chloride ions. When an ionic substance dissolves in water, it is broken up into individual cations and anions, which are surrounded by the partially charged water molecules.
Which of the following statements about osmosis is false?
Osmosis involves the movement of water from an area of high concentration of water to an area of low concentration of water
Osmosis involves a selectively permeable membrane
Osmosis is the spontaneous net movement of water molecules
Osmosis moves water molecules mostly through the phospholipid heads of the cell membrane
: Osmosis moves water molecules mostly through the phospholipid heads of the cell membrane
Which of the following statements about diffusion is false?
Gas exchange for photosynthesis is an example of diffusion
Gas exchange in the alveoli is an example of diffusion
Carbon dioxide and oxygen can diffuse across the plasma membrane directly
Diffusion does not use energy
Diffusion does not use energy
What type of energy is stored in ATP?
Potential energy
Kinetic energy
Ultraviolet radiation
Mechanical energy
Potential energy
