States of Consciousness // Sleep Flashcards
Conscious
can impact world, external/internal awareness
Preconscious
know but not aware until it is brought to your attention
Unconscious/Subconscious
unaware of even when asked, but shows in behavior.
*ex. aggression at female teacher = anger at mom
Parts of Brain
- reticular formation
- pons (locks body)
- limbic system (*dreams)
Neurotransmitters and Hormones
- pineal gland (*melatonin)
- pituitary gland
- serotonin
- GABA
- dopamine
Circadian Rhythms
if not for light/dark cycle, body operates on 25 hours. Teenage circadian rhythms are a little off from everyone else’s.
Sleep Stage 1
light sleep, fairly rapid brain wave activity
Sleep Stage 2
most of sleep; sleep spindles — small jumps of very rapid electrical activity
Sleep Stage 3
deep sleep; longer and slower electrical waves (delta waves)
Sleep Stage 4
deep/delta sleep; slow wave sleep
REM
rapid eye movement; everything (brain and heart rate) is active but muscles paralyzed.
- paradoxical sleep; dreams occur
REM Rebound
if someone is intentionally awaked during REM for long time then allowed to sleep normally, REM period is longer (implies REM is essential to body)
Adaptival/Evolutionary Theory
aka Preservation and Protection Theory; sleep when not preserving life in order to keep self out of trouble
Restorative Theory
sleep to restore energy
Memory Consolidation Theory
while sleeping, memory of day is sorted into important/unimportant
Narcolepsy
fall into deep sleep randomly
Insomnia
not getting enough sleep (can’t sleep, wake up too early, etc.)
- acute: once in a while (#1 cause: stress)
- chronic: long-term (related to anxiety/depression)
Sleep Apnea
stop breathing temporarily during sleep
Somnambulism
sleep walking/singing/talking/whatever
REM Sleep Disorder
body not paralyzed as it should be
Unconscious Wish Fulfillment
(Freud)
- manifest content: story of dream
- latent content: hidden meaning of dream
Threat Reduction Theory
dreams help you cope
Activation-Synthesis Theory
random neuron activation during dreaming — brain dislikes this and tries to synthesize story to explain the activation
Night Terror
not nightmare; sympathetic NS goes crazy, kid “wakes up” and starts screaming (heart racing, etc.) but kid doesn’t remember in morning. No dream, no stimulus, not during REM
