Motivation Flashcards
Need
things necessary for survival (i.e. food)
Drive
force to fill the need (i.e. kill animal)
Instinct Theory
instinct = innate preprogrammed behavior released in response to a stimulus
Drive-Reduction Theory
if we’re deprived of our fundamental needs, we will be driven to meet those needs and return to homeostasis
Arousal Theory
everyone has own personal ideal level of arousal, motivated to maintain this level of arousal
Yerkes-Dodson Law
relationships b/t outside stimulation, ideal arousal level, and how to get you to perform on a task (i.e. homework while listening to music)
Incentive Theory
driven by external response (i.e. driven not by hunger but by reward/punishment) — intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivation
Intrinsic Motivation
reward simply for doing activity (do it cuz its fun) — tends to get people to put in more effort/time
Extrinsic Motivation
do for reward (i.e. grades)
Self-Efficacy
looks at one’s belief of his/her success (want kids to grow up believing success depends on effort)
Cognitive Consistency vs. Dissonance
- Consistency: attitude will motivate behaviors.
- Dissonance: attitude doesn’t match behavior. (hypocrite)
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
self-actualization (am I reaching my potential?) — psychological needs (do I have friends? am I happy?) — biological needs (am I hungry?)
Self-Determination Theory
1) competence: need to feel confident, must master something.
2) autonomy: kids should feel like they have a choice/control (i.e. do you want apple or orange for dessert)
3) relatedness: how interact w/ others? Do you get along?
Set Point
weight that body sets itself at after body stops puberty
Thematic Apperception Test
measures need for achievement by showing series of ambiguous pictures and asking participant to tell story
