Star vocab

Question 1

an invisible form of energy that creates a repulsive force causing the universe to expand.

Answer 1

dark energy

Question 2

the distance light travels in one year.

Answer 2

light-year

Question 3

smallest type of hydrogen burning star

Answer 3

red dwarf

Question 4

a galaxy exhibiting a central nucleus from which extend curved arms of higher luminosity.

Answer 4

spiral galaxy

Question 5

red giant

Answer 5

a low mass star toward the end of its life that is running out of hydrogen to fuse into helium

Question 6

Doppler shift

Answer 6

the shift to a different wavelength.

Question 7

galaxy

Answer 7

a huge collection of stars, gas, and dust.

Question 8

a high mass star toward the end of its life that is running out of hydrogen to fuse into helium

Answer 8

supergiant

Question 9

spiral galaxy

Answer 9

a galaxy exhibiting a central nucleus from which extend curved arms of higher luminosity.

Question 10

planetary nebula

Answer 10

formed after helium in a star’s core is gone, it casts off its gases.

Question 11

forms as the core of a giant star no longer supports fusion and the star’s outer layers escape into space, leaving a hot and dense core.

Answer 11

white dwarf

Question 12

the shift to a different wavelength.

Answer 12

Doppler shift

Question 13

a galaxy that has a generally elliptical shape and that has no apparent internal structure or spiral arms

Answer 13

elliptical galaxy

Question 14

dark energy

Answer 14

an invisible form of energy that creates a repulsive force causing the universe to expand.

Question 15

an enormous explosion that destroys a star.

Answer 15

supernova

Question 17

a star with a much larger radius and luminosity than a main sequence star of the same surface temperature.

Answer 17

giant star

Question 18

a low mass star toward the end of its life that is running out of hydrogen to fuse into helium

Answer 18

red giant

Question 19

Milky Way galaxy

Answer 19

the spiral galaxy of which the Sun and the solar system are a part.

Question 20

light-year

Answer 20

the distance light travels in one year.

Question 21

an invisible form of matter that does not emit any detectable electromagnetic energy of its own.

Answer 21

dark matter

Question 22

supergiant

Answer 22

a high mass star toward the end of its life that is running out of hydrogen to fuse into helium

Question 23

a large ball of gas held together by gravity with a core so hot that nuclear fusion occurs.

Answer 23

star

Question 24

a graph that plots luminosity v. temperature of stars.

Answer 24

Hertzsprung Russell Diagram

Question 25

supernova

Answer 25

an enormous explosion that destroys a star.

Question 26

Hertzsprung Russell Diagram

Answer 26

a graph that plots luminosity v. temperature of stars.

Question 27

the true brightness of an object

Answer 27

luminosity

Question 29

a measure of how bright a star appears from Earth.

Answer 29

Apparent Magnitude

Question 30

an area in space that is so dense that nothing, including light, can escape its gravitational pull.

Answer 30

black hole

Question 31

the measure of the true brightness of a star. (depends on the star's temp. and mass)

Answer 31

absolute magnitude

Question 32

white dwarf

Answer 32

forms as the core of a giant star no longer supports fusion and the star’s outer layers escape into space, leaving a hot and dense core.

Question 33

cosmic background radiation

Answer 33

leftover energy from the Big Bang.

Question 34

the spiral galaxy of which the Sun and the solar system are a part.

Answer 34

Milky Way galaxy

Question 35

elliptical galaxy

Answer 35

a galaxy that has a generally elliptical shape and that has no apparent internal structure or spiral arms

Question 36

the theory that the universe began as a point and has been expanding ever since.

Answer 36

Big Bang Theory

Question 37

neutron star

Answer 37

super bright, dense star left over from a supernova

Question 38

a cloud of gas and dust in space that develops into a star.

Answer 38

protostar

Question 39

a star that fuses hydrogen into helium in its core

Answer 39

Main sequence star

Question 40

black hole

Answer 40

an area in space that is so dense that nothing, including light, can escape its gravitational pull.

Question 41

universe

Answer 41

all of space and everything in it including stars, planets, and galaxies.

Question 42

all of space and everything in it including stars, planets, and galaxies.

Answer 42

universe

Question 43

protostar

Answer 43

a cloud of gas and dust in space that develops into a star.

Question 44

Big Bang Theory

Answer 44

the theory that the universe began as a point and has been expanding ever since.

Question 45

star

Answer 45

a large ball of gas held together by gravity with a core so hot that nuclear fusion occurs.

Question 46

absolute magnitude

Answer 46

the measure of the true brightness of a star. (depends on the star's temp. and mass)

Question 47

red dwarf

Answer 47

smallest type of hydrogen burning star

Question 48

a huge collection of stars, gas, and dust.

Answer 48

galaxy

Question 49

super bright, dense star left over from a supernova

Answer 49

neutron star

Question 50

a cloud of gas and dust.

Answer 50

nebula

Question 51

formed after helium in a star’s core is gone, it casts off its gases.

Answer 51

planetary nebula

Question 52

a galaxy with no identifiable shape or structure.

Answer 52

irregular galaxy

Question 53

irregular galaxy

Answer 53

a galaxy with no identifiable shape or structure.

Question 54

nebula

Answer 54

a cloud of gas and dust.

Question 55

Apparent Magnitude

Answer 55

a measure of how bright a star appears from Earth.

Question 56

luminosity

Answer 56

the true brightness of an object

Question 57

dark matter

Answer 57

an invisible form of matter that does not emit any detectable electromagnetic energy of its own.

Question 58

Main sequence star

Answer 58

a star that fuses hydrogen into helium in its core

Question 59

giant star

Answer 59

a star with a much larger radius and luminosity than a main sequence star of the same surface temperature.

Question 60

leftover energy from the Big Bang.

Answer 60

cosmic background radiation