Sports Injuries

Question 1

Anterior Shoulder Dislocation- MoI

Answer 1

Fall on outstretched & abducted arm, trauma. 95% of shoulder dislocations

Question 2

Anterior Shoulder Dislocation- Sx

Answer 2

Acute pain, deformity, holding shoulder in externally rotated position.

Question 3

Anterior Shoulder Dislocation- Dx

Answer 3

X-ray initially, MRI to determine tears

Question 4

Anterior Shoulder Dislocation- Tx

Answer 4

Reduced (Stimson method) & immobilized for 2-4 weeks, PT if recurrent

Question 5

Posterior Shoulder- MoI

Answer 5

Uncommon- fall from height, epileptic seizures & electric shocks

Question 6

Clavicle fracture- MoI

Answer 6

Direct trauma, one of most commonly fractured bones. High speed contact sports

Question 7

Clavicle fracture- Sx

Answer 7

Shoulder sags forward & downward. Proximal fragment superior. Pain & limited ROM in flexion & abduction

Question 8

Clavicle fracture- Dx

Answer 8

Clinical findings & x-ray

Question 9

Clavicle fracture- Tx

Answer 9

Rest, immobilization, strengthening following healing

Question 10

Epicondylitis- MoI

Answer 10

Chronic, repetitive overuse causing microtrauma at tendon insertion or excessive loading

Question 11

Epicondylitis- Sx

Answer 11

Lateral-Pain in arm and wrist with extension. Tennis elbow.

Medial- Pain during pronation. Golfers elbow, tenderness at insertion point

Question 12

Epicondylitis- Dx

Answer 12

Clinical tests

Question 13

Epicondylitis- Tx

Answer 13

NSAIDs, activity modification, ice, stretching, counterforce brace, PT

Question 14

Meniscal injury to knee- MoI

Answer 14

Rotational force applied with planted foot. Medial most common.

Question 15

Meniscal injury to knee- Sx

Answer 15

Pain, clicking & locking sensation, antalgic gait, swelling 24 hrs following injury

Question 16

Meniscal injury to knee- Dx

Answer 16

McMurray & Apley test, MRI to confirm

Question 17

Meniscal injury to knee- Tx

Answer 17

Immobilization, analgesics & PT Repair & debridement,

Question 18

Anterior cruciate ligament injury- MoI

Answer 18

valgus blow to knee, jumping, pivot or deceleration

Question 19

Anterior cruciate ligament injury- Sx

Answer 19

Audible pop, acute swelling, motion difficulty, lateral instability

Question 20

Anterior cruciate ligament injury- Dx

Answer 20

Lachman, anterior drawer or pivot shift to determine laxity. MRI to dx

Question 21

Anterior cruciate ligament injury- Tx

Answer 21

Surgical reconstruction, PT & brace

Question 22

Posterior cruciate ligament- MoI

Answer 22

Anterior trauma to tibia, often associated with injuries to MCL & ACL

Question 23

Posterior cruciate ligament injury- Sx

Answer 23

Difficulty walking, pain, swelling, pallor & numbness, patellar dislocation

Question 24

Posterior cruciate ligament injury- Dx

Answer 24

Posterior drawer test, sag sign, MRI

Question 25

Posterior cruciate ligament injury- Tx

Answer 25

Immobilization, braces, crutches & PT

Question 26

Collateral ligament injury- medial or lateral- MoI

Answer 26

Valgus or varus blow or stress to knee. MCL more common, often in conjunction with ACL

Question 27

Collateral ligament injury- medial or lateral- Sx

Answer 27

Limited ROM, difficult walking, pain along course of ligaments. Little to no effusion

Question 28

Collateral ligament injury- medial or lateral- Dx

Answer 28

Varus and Valgus stress tests

Question 29

Collateral ligament injury- medial or lateral- Tx

Answer 29

Protected weight bearing & PT

Question 30

Ankle sprain- MoI

Answer 30

Inversion- Turning on ankle during fall or irregular step | Eversion- blow to foot when externally rotated & everted

Question 31

Ankle sprain- Sx

Answer 31

Pain, swelling, difficulty weight bearing, limited ROM | point of maximal tenderness at lateral malleolus

Question 32

Ankle sprain- Dx

Answer 32

Anterior drawer, external rotation stress test

Question 33

Ankle sprain- Tx

Answer 33

Modified activity, ice, compression, elevation, ankle stabilizer

Question 34

Stress fracture of foot- MoI

Answer 34

Increase in training or activity, nutrition, osteoporosis

Question 35

Stress fracture of foot- Sx

Answer 35

Localized pain accentuated by walking, swelling and point tenderness

Question 36

Stress fracture of foot- Tx

Answer 36

Rest & avoidance of high impact activity

Question 37

Medial tibial syndrome- MoI

Answer 37

Increased training or activity level. Common in runners

Question 38

Medial tibial syndrome-Sx

Answer 38

Diffuse, nagging pain over anterior tibia. Worsens with running

Question 39

Medial tibial syndrome- Tx

Answer 39

Rest and resumption of activities in graduated fashion

Question 40

AC Joint Separation of Shoulder- MoI

Answer 40

Direct downward blow to tip of shoulder

Question 41

AC Joint Separation of Shoulder- Sx

Answer 41

Pain at top of shoulder, visible elevation or displacement of clavicle

Question 42

Gamekeepers Thumb-MoI

Answer 42

Forced into radial deviation placing stress in ulnar collateral ligament

Question 43

Gamekeepers Thumb- Sx

Answer 43

Pain & selling over proximal phalanx and thumb metacarpal

Question 44

Mallet finger- MoI

Answer 44

Sudden trauma to actively extended DIP

Question 45

Mallet finger- Sx

Answer 45

DIP stuck in flexion, passive extension possible

Question 46

Achilles Tendon Rupture- MoI

Answer 46

Sudden, forceful dorsiflexion of foot at gastrocsoleus is contracted.

Question 47

Achilles Tendon Rupture- Sx

Answer 47

Sudden calf pain, audible pop, weak plantar flexion