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SMB 4 > DLM > Flashcards

DLM Flashcards

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1
Q

Bone cortex

A

Outer layer of compact bone- denser and white on x-ray

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2
Q

Bone medulla

A

Marrow cavity in shaft of long bone. Paler on x-ray than cortex

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3
Q

Epiphysial plate

A

Hyaline cartilage plate in metaphysis at each end of long bone

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4
Q

Bone texture

A

Trabecular arrangement of alveolar bone in relation to marrow spaces

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5
Q

Periosteum

A

Fibrous membrane covering surface of bones, does not cover articular surfaces

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6
Q

Joint spaces

A

Sac-like fibrous tissue that envelops a synovial joint

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7
Q

Open fracture

A

Broken bone punctures skin- compound fracture

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8
Q

Closed fracture

A

Bone does not puncture skin

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9
Q

Occult fracture

A

Subtle fractures hard to distinguish- imperfections on trabecular lawn

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10
Q

Comminuted

A

Fracture in multiple pieces, 3+ fragments

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11
Q

Simple fracture

A

1 break, no fragments, displacement

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12
Q

Pathologic fracture

A

Result of preceding pathology. Break due to low trauma

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13
Q

Angulation

A

Displacement where bone is angled away from original position.

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14
Q

Rotation

A

Displacement where fractured bone rotates from original position- internal or external rotation

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15
Q

Displacement

A

Loss of alignment due to fracture

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16
Q

Stress fracture

A

Hard to distinguish on x-ray. Thickening or smudging. Due to repetitive use.

17
Q

Subluxation

A

incomplete dislocation

18
Q

Dislocation

A

Joint becomes not a joint

19
Q

Avulsion

A

Fracture that results in ligament or tendon pulling off bone where attached

20
Q

New fracture

A

Well defined sharp edges on x-ray

21
Q

Older fracture

A

subtle, brighter white due to thickening

22
Q

Transverse

A

straight across

23
Q

Oblique

A

break at an angle

24
Q

Spiral

A

multiple break in spiral pattern- torsional trauma

25
Q

Greenstick fracture

A

splintering of bone n opposite side or trauma

26
Q

Torus

A

Incomplete fracture of long bone- appears as bulging on x-ray

27
Q

Fat pad sign

A

Displacement of fat surrounding joint- indicative of fluid displacing it, often blood

28
Q

Ottawa knee rules

A

X-ray required in patients with acute injury for:
55+
Tenderness at fibular head
Isolated patellar tenderness
Inability to flex 90
Inability to bear weight immediately and in ED (4 steps)

29
Q

Ottawa Ankle & foot Rules

A

X-ray only if pain in malleolar zone and:

  • bone tenderness along distal 6cm of posterior edge of tibia or medial malleolus
  • bone tenderness along distal 6cm of posterior edge of fibula or tip of lateral malleolus
  • Inability to bear weight immediately and in ED
30
Q

Non-agressive tumor x-ray

A

Well defined borders, thick, dense, wavy

31
Q

Agressive tumor x-ray

A

fuzzy borders, amorphous, periosteal reaction, soft tissue involvement

SMB 4 (15 decks)

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