Spine and Abdominal Region

Question 1

Intervertebral Discs

Answer 1

protect and shock absorb between adjacent vertebrae
further down the spine the bigger the body of the intervertebral discs because they support more weight

Question 2

Ideal Posture

Answer 2

neutral head position
level shoulders
level pelvis
no excessive valgus/varus
no pronation/supination of feet

Question 3

Kyphosis

Answer 3

Head tilted forward. From an imbalance of neck extensors, particularly strong/tight ones. Weak neck flexors and erectus spinae

Question 4

Lordosis

Answer 4

hyperextension of lumber spine, slight hyperextension of knee. From strong/tight extensors and weak flexors, weak hamstrings cant maintain position

Question 5

Scoliosis

Answer 5

Structural problem - operable
Uneven shoulder and pelvis compensated for by flexion at a knee

Question 6

Core Stability Aiding Performance

Answer 6

Creates a solid base for forceful movements of the limbs. Effective transfer of force/power through the core

Question 7

The Core

Answer 7

Helps support the spine, and reduce load on the spine
IAP - intra-abdominal pressure
Acts as a rigid block

Question 8

Injury Risk - Core

Answer 8

core stability may allow unwanted movements of the pelvis and lumbar spine - causes excessive ROM and excessive forces on the musculo-skeletal system

Question 9

Lower Back Pain

Answer 9

Majority of the population suffer with it
Numerous and complex causes
Risk Factors - poor posture, muscle imbalance, poor core stability