Spinal Orthotics (1) Flashcards
types of spinal orthotics
sacroiliac (SIO)
lumbosacral (LSO)
thoraco-lumbo-sacral (TLSO)
cervical (CO)
cervical-thoracic (CTO)
sterno-occipital-mandibular- immobilizer (SOMI)
what’re spinal orthoses used for
trunk support
motion control
realignment
how’re trunk support, motion control and realignment accomplished
increase intra-cavitary pressure created by compression
supports the spine
assists in breathing and coughing
improves diaphragm efficiency
3 point pressure and distraction
psychological restraint
3 points pressure and distraction –> accomplished
stabilizes b/w end points of system
psychological restraint –> accomplished
inhibiting factor or reminder to limit motion
pressures for control
3 point pressure to control
3 point pressure to control –> pressures for control
flexion and extension
flexion –>3 point pressure to control –> pressures for control
backward force @ pelvis
backward force @ thorax
forward force over spine (b/w L1 and L2)
extension –> 3 point pressure to control –> pressures for control
forward force/thoracic area
forward force @ pelvis
backward force/abdominal supports (b/w 1 and 2)
negative effects of spinal orthoses
weakness and atrophy
tightness and/or contracture
psychological dependence
aggravation of symptoms
weakness and atrophy –> negative
muscle disuse
tightness and/or contracture –> negative
joint tightness
psychological dependence –> negative
beyond need of orthosis
aggravation of sxs –> negative
above and below orthosis
increase demands of ROM and muscle
orthotic components
metal framework
abdominal support
pelvic support/pelvic bands
uprights
posterior cross bars
abdominal and chest support
metal framework
basis of all spinal orthoses
metal framework includes
pelvic support
uprights
posterior cross bar
uprights –> metal framework
lateral
posterior
oblique lateral bar
posterior cross bar –> metal framework
thoracic band (bar)
interscapular cross bar
pelvic support/pelvic bands
base of the metal framwork
what does the pelvic support/bands do
holds onto the pelvis
holds orthosis secure
lower part of 3 point pressure
supports trunk weight
pelvic bands can be
made in various shapes
bottom on spinal orthosis
junction b/w spinal orthosis and HKAFO
a pelvic band is
metal covered in leather or plastic
uprights
lateral
posterior
oblique lateral
lateral uprights
gives lateral stability
limits/controls lateral flexion motion
posterior uprights
limits/controls flex/ext motion
either side spinous process
part of 3 point pressure system
oblique lateral uprights
from pelvic band to lateral upright
control pelvic motion
maintain pelvic position
type of posterior cross bars
thoracic band
inter-scapular band
thoracic band –> posterior cross bars
below inferior angle of scap
top of LSO
T8
inter-scapular band –> posterior cross bars
crosses distal third of scap
top of TLSO
T3-4
attachment for additional shape
function of abdominal and chest support
secures orthosis to body
increase intra-abdominal pressure
anterior part of 3 point pressure
abdominal and chest support closures
buckles
velcro
