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Prosthetics and Orthotics - Exam 1 > Intro to Orthotics (4) > Flashcards

Intro to Orthotics (4) Flashcards

1
Q

articulated AFOs

A

traditional and plastic

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2
Q

plastic orthosis

A

cut non-articulated at ankle

add ankle joint

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3
Q

what does an articulated AFO utilize

A

foot plate

ankle joint

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4
Q

what could the ankle joint be made out of

A

metal

plastic

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5
Q

metal

A

heavier

more durable

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6
Q

plastic

A

lighter

less durable

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7
Q

articulated AFO is

A

AFO w/ an ankle joint

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8
Q

general description of an articulated AFO

A

closure/strp

calf shell/metal uprights

metal/plastic ankle joint

foot plate or shoe attachment

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9
Q

foot plate

A

3/4

full

sulcus

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10
Q

ankle joint axis

A

single

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11
Q

single axis

A

only movement in sagittal plane

sagittal plane control

always limits M/L motion

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12
Q

what does the single axis allow/limit

A

DF and PF

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13
Q

ankle joint/static designs

A

limited motion

free ankle

solid ankle

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14
Q

limited motion –> ankle joint/static designs

A

allows balance and postural sway

few degrees in either direction

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15
Q

free ankle –> ankle joint/static designs

A

M/L control (single axis)

free DF/PF

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16
Q

solid ankle –> ankle joint/static designs

A

no motion in any direction

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17
Q

ankle joint/stops

A

posterior stop

anterior stop

adjustable

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18
Q

posterior stop

A

PF stop

locked at 90 degrees

no PF/free DF

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19
Q

posterior stop –> gait control

A

HS and swing

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20
Q

clinical use for posterior stop

A

CVA

neuropathy

DF weakness

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21
Q

posterior stop IS NOT

A

dynamic

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22
Q

anterior stop

A

DF stop

stopped at 90 degrees

no DF/free PF

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23
Q

gait control of anterior stop

A

MS to push off

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24
Q

clinical use for anterior stop

A

gastroc weakness

MD

knee flexion contracture

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25
Q

anterior stops are

A

rare and hard to find

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26
Q

adjustable stop

A

adjusted for various range of DF and PF

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27
Q

when is adjustable stop used

A

to correct contracture

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28
Q

LOM –> plane of control

A

sagittal

frontal

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29
Q

LOM –> muscle weakness

A

AP and ML muscles

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30
Q

LOM –> gait cycle

A

stance and swing

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31
Q

FREE –> plane of control

A

frontal

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32
Q

FREE –> muscle weakness

A

ML muscles

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33
Q

FREE –> gait cycle

A

no limitation

34
Q

SOLID –> plane of control

A

sagittal and frontal

35
Q

SOLID –> muscle weakness

A

AP and ML muscles

36
Q

SOLID –> gait cycle

A

stance and swing

37
Q

posterior stop –> plane of control

A

sagittal and frontal

38
Q

posterior stop –> muscle weakness

A

anterior tib

39
Q

posterior stop –> gait cycle

40
Q

anterior stop –> plane of control

A

sagittal and frontal

41
Q

anterior stop –> muscle weakness

A

gastroc and soleus

42
Q

anterior stop –> gait cycle

A

end of MS

PO

43
Q

adjustable stop –> plane of control

A

sagittal and frontal

44
Q

adjustable stop –> muscle weakness

A

AP and ML muscles

45
Q

adjustable stop –> gait cycle

A

stance and swing

46
Q

ankle joint/dynamic control

A

more fxnal orthotic

decreases gait deviations

47
Q

types of ankle joint/dynamic control

A

spring assist

double action spring assist

48
Q

spring assist

A

DF spring assist

PF spring assist

49
Q

DF spring assist allow for

A

controlled PF and springs back into DF

50
Q

what is DF spring used for

A

weak DF muscles

51
Q

clinical use of DF spring

A

CVA and neuropathy

52
Q

PF spring assist

A

allows for controlled DF and springs back into PF

53
Q

PF spring is used for

A

weak PF muscles

54
Q

clinical use for PF spring

A

MD

gastroc weakness

55
Q

double action spring assist

A

spring assist for PF and DF

56
Q

double action spring assist is used for

A

anterior tib and gastroc weakness

generalized weakness on both sides of the ankle

57
Q

DF spring assist –> POC

A

sagittal and frontal

58
Q

DF spring assist –> muscle weakness

A

anterior tib

59
Q

DF spring assist –> gait cycle

60
Q

PF spring assist –> POC

A

sagittal and frontal

61
Q

PF spring assist –> muscle weakness

A

gastroc and soleus

62
Q

PF spring assist –> gait cycle

A

mid stance

PO

63
Q

double spring assist –> POC

A

sagittal and frontal

64
Q

double spring assist –> muscle weakness

A

anterior tib

gastroc and soleus

65
Q

double spring assist –> gait cycle

A

stance and swing

66
Q

what could we do with different ankle joints and stops or controls

A

combine them

67
Q

combining

A

depends on weakness

joint instability

muscle tone variations

68
Q

fxn of AFO w/ posterior stop

A

used for DF weakness

prevents excessive PL

not dynamic

corrects foot drop

69
Q

AFO w/ DF assist spring assembly –> used for

A

DF weakness

assists movement into DF

correct foot drop

70
Q

AFO w/ DF assist spring assembly –> prevents

A

excessive PF

71
Q

AFO w/ DF assist spring assembly –> similar to

A

leaf spring

72
Q

DAAJ AFO

A

double adjustable AJ

73
Q

DAAJ AFO fxn

A

for DF and PF weakness

has other variations

74
Q

SMO

A

supra malleolar orthosis

75
Q

dynamic O design

A

trim line is just above the malleoli

always high M-L

76
Q

dynamic O controls (potentially)

77
Q

what is control determined by –> SMO

78
Q

what could an SMO be used to tx

A

excessive pronation associated w/ hypotonia

child w/ drop foot, varus/valgus instability d/t CP

transverse myelitis

adults w/ CVA or progressive flat feet

79
Q

what are SMO concluded to be more effective w/

A

producing postural stability

80
Q

what did SMO show improvement in

A

static and dynamic balance

Prosthetics and Orthotics - Exam 1 (19 decks)

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