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Prosthetics and Orthotics - Exam 1 > Intro to Orthotics (3) > Flashcards

Intro to Orthotics (3) Flashcards

1
Q

AFO orthosis

A

shoe

force system

non-articulated and articulated orthosis

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2
Q

shoe –> AFO

A

base of support

part of pressure system

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3
Q

what kind of force system does an AFO have

A

3 point

sometimes more than 1 pressure system

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4
Q

non-articulated and articulated orthosis

A

with or w/o an articulating joint

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5
Q

non-articulated AFO

A

AFO w/o ankle joints/covers and controls foot/ankle

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6
Q

general description of NA-AFO

A

velcro closure

calf shell/pre-tibial shell

trim line

foot plate/shoe insert

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7
Q

velcro closure

A

clinched or straight

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8
Q

trim line

A

cut edge of orthosis

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9
Q

foot plates

A

connected to the foot not the shoe

fits in shoe

arch support

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10
Q

foot plates allow for

A

better foot control

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11
Q

arch support –> components

A

support MLA

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12
Q

types of foot plates

A

full length

3/4 length

sulcus length

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13
Q

full length –> foot plates

A

heel to toe

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14
Q

3/4 length –> foot plates

A

proximal to metatarsals

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15
Q

sulcus length –> foot plates

A

across MLA/mid foot

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16
Q

types of non-articulated AFOs

A

posterior leaf spring O

PLSO w/ modified shell

carbon fiber PLSO

solid ankle

solid ankle w/ a flange

anterior floor reaction

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17
Q

posterior leaf spring design

A

narrow calf shell

3/4 footplate

velcro closure

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18
Q

why is a posterior leaf spring given

A

weak DFs

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19
Q

what motion does a posterior leaf spring allow

A

assist DF

resist PF

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20
Q

when does the posterior lead spring control

A

during HS and swing phase

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21
Q

posterior leaf spring is the

A

most common AFO

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22
Q

what DOESNT posterior lead spring control

A

M/L (subtalar joint)

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23
Q

clinical application –> PLS

A

prevent drop foot

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24
Q

prevent foot drop –> PLS

A

high steppage gait

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25
PLS is most common for
CVA dsyfxn neuropathy
26
CVA dysfxn --> PLS
minor spasticity in ankle d/t stroke, brain injury
27
neuropathy --> PLS
common fibular N neuropathy drop foot or DF weakness d/t peripheral neuropathy
28
what does the PLS have positive effect on
static and dynamic balance
29
posterior leaf spring w/ modified calf shell design
'L' shaped w/ wider calf shell behind malleoli larger foot plate
30
what does the wider calf shell do
control in the sagittal and frontal planes
31
why is a posterior leaf spring w/ modified calf shell given to a pt
for weak DF but gives more control and some M/L control
32
carbon fiber PLSO/'drop foot' has
various designs DF and PF control flat foot plate
33
controls primarily in --> carbon fiber PLSO/'drop foot'
sagittal plane does not control in frontal plane
34
some have a --> carbon fiber PLSO/'drop foot'
posterior strut others have pretibial shell
35
solid ankle design
trim lines of calf shell advanced anterior to the malleoli 3/4 or full foot plate 3 point pressure system
36
what does the solid ankle control
valgus and varus DF and PF
37
the solid ankle has
max control no movement
38
what should the solid ankle provide
resilient heel for heel strike or rocker bar to assist push off
39
when is solid ankle indicated
w/ spasticity or severe PF spasticity MS, CP or progressive neurologic dzs
40
solid ankle shows --> balance
some improvement in static balance negative effect on dynamic balance
41
what might we need to add for ambulation --> solid ankle
AD
42
what shows a significant improvement w/ gait --> solid ankle
adding a rocker bar (rigid AFO) increases step length and velocity improve toe off
43
solid ankle w/ flange
flange or extension added to calf shell
44
what does the flange do
to increase force arm or place of applying force
45
what does the solid ankle w/ flange increase
movement control increased force arm
46
increased force arm --> solid ankle w/ flange
3 point pressure middle force/central force in system close to joint you want to control
47
foot plate --> solid ankle w/ flange
full 3/4 plate
48
anterior floor reaction design
solid ankle/sometimes in PF posterior velco closure high pre-tibial shell
49
high pre-tibial shell --> AFR
just below patella higher than posterior prevent knee from buckling
50
how does the AFR work
posterior directed force at tibia extension moment at the knee
51
posterior directed force @ tibia --> AFR
prevent knee from buckling
52
what is the AFR good for
quad weakness controls ankle movement
53
indication for AFR
quad weakness/excessive knee flexion - WBing control ankle motion - WBing spastic diplegic CP
54
spastic diplegic CP --> AFR
esp w/ moderate to severe knee flexion
55
what does the AFR show w/ research
improved gait kinematics decreased DF and knee flexion
56
when is AFR most effective
w/ knee flexion contracture < or equal to 10 degrees
57
PLSO --> custom/stock
either
58
PLSO --> plane of control
sagittal
59
PLSO --> muscle weakness
anterior tib
60
PLSO --> gait cycle
HS/swing
61
mod PLSO --> custom/stock
either
62
mod PLSO --> plane of control
sagittal frontal
63
mod PLSO --> muscle weakness
anterior tib M/L muscles
64
mod PLSO --> gait cycle
HS MS swing
65
carbon PLSO --> custom/stock
stock
66
carbon PLSO --> plane of control
varies
67
carbon PLSO --> muscle weakness
depends on design
68
carbon PLSO --> gait cycle
HS/swing
69
solid ankle/ w/ flange --> custom/stock
custom
70
solid ankle/ w/ flange --> plane of control
all 3 planes
71
solid ankle/ w/ flange --> muscle weakness
all muscles (spasticity)
72
solid ankle/ w/ flange --> gait cycle
stance/swing
73
AFR --> custom/stock
custom
74
AFR --> plane of control
sagittal (foot all 3)
75
AFR --> muscle weakness
all ankle muscles quads
76
AFR --> gait cycle
stance/swing
77
recent addition
fxnal neuromuscular electrical stimulation
78
fxnal neuromuscular electrical stimulation has
cuff holding stimulator just below the knee electrodes or foot switches to stimulate DF
79
what do you need w/ fxnal neuromuscular electrical stimulation
intact peroneal N
80
what doesnt the fxnal neuromuscular electrical stimulation work well w/
recurvatum
81
contraindications --> fxnal neuromuscular electrical stimulation
pacemaker defib metal implants hx of phlebitis

Prosthetics and Orthotics - Exam 1 (19 decks)

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