LE Orthotics --> part 2 (1) Flashcards

1
Q

what must be addressed for those w/ knee weakness

A

stance phase and swing phase

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2
Q

stance phase –> knee weakness

A

quad weakness

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3
Q

quad weakness –> stance phase

A

knee instability at heel strike

weight acceptance during mid stance

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4
Q

knee instability at heel strike –> stance phase

A

GRF is posterior to the knee

eccentric contraction of the quads control movement

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5
Q

weight acceptance during midstance –> stance phase

A

there could be knee bucking at mid-stance

quads stabilize during mid-stance

soleus from below gives some control of knee extension

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6
Q

swing phase –> knee weakness

A

quad weakness and hamstring weakness

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7
Q

quad weakness –> swing phase

A

consistent knee flexion (60 degrees)

knee flexion (leg clearance) during swing

eccentric quads control motion

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8
Q

hamstring weakness –> swing phase

A

consistent knee extension in preparation for HS

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9
Q

why is control of the knee difficult

A

changes in walking speed

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10
Q

general description of KAFO

A

thigh shell

knee joint

calf/pre-tibial shell

closure (strap)

w/ or w/o articulated ankle

foot plate

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11
Q

foot and ankle components of KAFO

A

same as AFO

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12
Q

knee joint axes

A

single axis

polycentric/multi-axis

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13
Q

single axis –> knee joint

A

hinge

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14
Q

polycentric/multi-axis –> knee joint

A

changing axis

hard to align

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15
Q

what do all knee joints give

A

ML control

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16
Q

knee controls

A

free knee

offset knee joints

locks

adjustable locks

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17
Q

free knee

A

free flexion/extension to 0 degrees

used primarily for ML control

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18
Q

offset knee joints

A

axis is posterior to uprights

19
Q

what does the position of the offset knee create

A

an extension moment

20
Q

the offset knee joint allows

A

free flexion and extension

free during swing

21
Q

how is the offset knee joint locked during stance

22
Q

why would we use an offset knee joint

A

quad weakness

23
Q

locks –> knee control

A

ring drop lock

swiss lock/ bail lock/ cam lock

adjustable locks

24
Q

ring drop lock is

25
to unlock the ring drop lock
lift it
26
the ring drop lock could be
spring loaded
27
the ring drop lock has an
retention button
28
when would we use a ring drop lock
problems w/ spasticity, contractures, and balance
29
swiss lock/bail lock/cam lock --> unlocking
bail to unlock lift bar up
30
how does the swiss lock/cam lock/bail lock lock
automatically w/ extension
31
the swiss lock/cam lock/bail lock has no
binding
32
when is it better to use a swiss lock/cam lock/bail lock lock
better w/ spasticity better w/ contractures less balance issues
33
adjustable locks are
range limiting
34
what do adjustable locks limit
motion/post surgery
35
when are adjustable locks used
contractures
36
stance control KAFO
SCKO locks during stance and unlocks during swing
37
how is the SCKO activated
weight or gait (position) activates the locking and unlocking
38
when does the knee lock --> SCKO
HS weight accepted/knee extended
39
when will the knee unlocks --> SCKO
end of MS to PO when weight is removed/knee hyperextends
40
some SCKO use
sensors and computers
41
indications for a SCKO
weak quads knee instability polio or post-polio syndrome MS SCI spinal trauma unilateral paralysis
42
contraindications for a SCKO
no hip muscle poor mental status spasticity knee contracture weight limitation
43
poor mental status --> contraindications SCKO
difficult to learn to use orthosis