LE Orthotics --> part 2 (1)

Question 1

what must be addressed for those w/ knee weakness

Answer 1

stance phase and swing phase

Question 2

stance phase –> knee weakness

Answer 2

quad weakness

Question 3

quad weakness –> stance phase

Answer 3

knee instability at heel strike

weight acceptance during mid stance

Question 4

knee instability at heel strike –> stance phase

Answer 4

GRF is posterior to the knee

eccentric contraction of the quads control movement

Question 5

weight acceptance during midstance –> stance phase

Answer 5

there could be knee bucking at mid-stance

quads stabilize during mid-stance

soleus from below gives some control of knee extension

Question 6

swing phase –> knee weakness

Answer 6

quad weakness and hamstring weakness

Question 7

quad weakness –> swing phase

Answer 7

consistent knee flexion (60 degrees)

knee flexion (leg clearance) during swing

eccentric quads control motion

Question 8

hamstring weakness –> swing phase

Answer 8

consistent knee extension in preparation for HS

Question 9

why is control of the knee difficult

Answer 9

changes in walking speed

Question 10

general description of KAFO

Answer 10

thigh shell

knee joint

calf/pre-tibial shell

closure (strap)

w/ or w/o articulated ankle

foot plate

Question 11

foot and ankle components of KAFO

Answer 11

same as AFO

Question 12

knee joint axes

Answer 12

single axis

polycentric/multi-axis

Question 13

single axis –> knee joint

Answer 13

hinge

Question 14

polycentric/multi-axis –> knee joint

Answer 14

changing axis

hard to align

Question 15

what do all knee joints give

Answer 15

ML control

Question 16

knee controls

Answer 16

free knee

offset knee joints

locks

adjustable locks

Question 17

free knee

Answer 17

free flexion/extension to 0 degrees

used primarily for ML control

Question 18

offset knee joints

Answer 18

axis is posterior to uprights

Question 19

what does the position of the offset knee create

Answer 19

an extension moment

Question 20

the offset knee joint allows

Answer 20

free flexion and extension

free during swing

Question 21

how is the offset knee joint locked during stance

Answer 21

GRF

Question 22

why would we use an offset knee joint

Answer 22

quad weakness

Question 23

locks –> knee control

Answer 23

ring drop lock

swiss lock/ bail lock/ cam lock

adjustable locks

Question 24

ring drop lock is

Answer 24

manual

Question 25

to unlock the ring drop lock

Answer 25

lift it

Question 26

the ring drop lock could be

Answer 26

spring loaded

Question 27

the ring drop lock has an

Answer 27

retention button

Question 28

when would we use a ring drop lock

Answer 28

problems w/ spasticity, contractures, and balance

Question 29

swiss lock/bail lock/cam lock –> unlocking

Answer 29

bail to unlock

lift bar up

Question 30

how does the swiss lock/cam lock/bail lock lock

Answer 30

automatically w/ extension

Question 31

the swiss lock/cam lock/bail lock has no

Answer 31

binding

Question 32

when is it better to use a swiss lock/cam lock/bail lock lock

Answer 32

better w/ spasticity

better w/ contractures

less balance issues

Question 33

adjustable locks are

Answer 33

range limiting

Question 34

what do adjustable locks limit

Answer 34

motion/post surgery

Question 35

when are adjustable locks used

Answer 35

contractures

Question 36

stance control KAFO

Answer 36

SCKO

locks during stance and unlocks during swing

Question 37

how is the SCKO activated

Answer 37

weight or gait (position)

activates the locking and unlocking

Question 38

when does the knee lock –> SCKO

Answer 38

HS weight accepted/knee extended

Question 39

when will the knee unlocks –> SCKO

Answer 39

end of MS to PO when weight is removed/knee hyperextends

Question 40

some SCKO use

Answer 40

sensors and computers

Question 41

indications for a SCKO

Answer 41

weak quads

knee instability

polio or post-polio syndrome

MS

SCI

spinal trauma

unilateral paralysis

Question 42

contraindications for a SCKO

Answer 42

no hip muscle

poor mental status

spasticity

knee contracture

weight limitation

Question 43

poor mental status –> contraindications SCKO

Answer 43

difficult to learn to use orthosis