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Prosthetics and Orthotics - Exam 1 > Intro to Prosthetics - 1 > Flashcards

Intro to Prosthetics - 1 Flashcards

1
Q

indications for amputation

A

trauma

PVD

growths

thrombosis and embolism

infection

trophic changes

congenital

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2
Q

primary cause of UE amputation

A

trauma

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3
Q

trauma

A

via on job and home accidents

war related

MVA

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4
Q

primary cause of LE amputation

A

PVD

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5
Q

PVD

A

via diabetes

arterial insufficiency

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6
Q

growths

A

sarcoma

carcinoma

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7
Q

thrombosis and embolism

A

lack of blood flow

death to the area

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8
Q

infection

A

osteomyelitis

TB

septic arthritis

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9
Q

trophic changes

A

spinae bifida

cord injuries

neoplasm

charcot joint

leprosy

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10
Q

congenital

A

congenital absence

congenital amputation

gross inequality

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11
Q

how is site of amputation measured

A

in % of what is left

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12
Q

site of amputation UE

A

shoulder interscapulo-thoracic

shoulder disarticulation

trans-humeral

wrist disarticulation

thumb

fingers

elbow disarticulation

VSBE

trans radial

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13
Q

shoulder interscapulo-thoracic

A

forequarter

scapula and below

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14
Q

shoulder disarticulation

A

through GH joint

some of humeral head might remain

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15
Q

trans-humeral

A

short v. long

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16
Q

wrist disarticulation

A

through carpals

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17
Q

thumb

A

50% of hand fxn

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18
Q

sites of LE amputation

A

hemicorporectomy

hip disarticulation

transilliac

trans femoral

knee disarticulation

trans tibial

partial foot

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19
Q

hemicorporectomy

A

half of body amputated

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20
Q

hemicorporectomy includes

A

colostomy and ileostomy

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21
Q

hemicorporectomy has difficulty w/

A

sitting

–> have special sockets

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22
Q

hip disarticulation

A

thru femoral/acetabular joint

some pieces of the head left

above the lesser trochanter

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23
Q

transiliac

A

half of pelvis down

hemipelvectomy

piece of pelvis can be present

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24
Q

transfemoral

A

10-12” below GT

not end-bearing

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25
Q

what of the femur remains –> transfemoral

A

35-60% of femoral length

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26
Q

knee disarticulation

A

tibia and down

trim the femoral condyles

has become more common

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27
Q

knee disarticulation is

A

end bearing RL

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28
Q

trans tibial

A

5.5” to 7” below tibial plateau

or

20-50% of tibial length (at least 3”)

29
Q

trans tibial is…

A

not end bearing

30
Q

2 trans tibial techniques

A

ertl technique

symes technique

31
Q

ertl technique

A

trans tibial w/ bone bridge b/w tib and fib

increase weight tolerance on end of RL

32
Q

symes technique

A

ankle disarticulation

trim tib and fib, fat pad remains

distal end bearing

33
Q

partial foot

A

chopart

lisfranc

transmetatarsal and toes

34
Q

cho part

A

talo-navicular/calcaneal cuboid

leads to equinus deformity

35
Q

lisfranc

A

tarso-metatarsal

leads to equinus deformity

36
Q

transmetatarsal and toes

A

effects push off

37
Q

amputation of the other limb

A

10% –> 1 yr

20% –> 2 yrs

30-50% –> 5 yrs

38
Q

individuals w/ limb loss from diabetes

A

55% will die in 5 yrs

39
Q

what is most important about amputation surgery

A

education and prevention

40
Q

level of surgery

A

dependent on healthy tissue& cause of the amputation

41
Q

shape of surgery

A

conical

42
Q

muscle stablization

A

myofascial

tenodesis

myoplasty

myodesis

43
Q

myofascial

A

muscle to fascia

most fxnally strong

44
Q

tenodesis

A

tendon to bone

lots of bleeding

precautions for PVD

45
Q

myoplasty

A

muscle to muscle

least physiologic

weakest attachment

46
Q

myodesis

A

muscle to bone

lots of bleeding

precautions for PVD

47
Q

strongest to weakest muscle stabalization

A

tenodesis

myodesis

myofascial

myoplasty

48
Q

nerves –> surgery

A

neuroma formation

ligation

49
Q

neuroma formation

A

nerve grows into scar

50
Q

ligation

A

prevent re-growth of nerves

51
Q

closed/matches muscle flaps –> surgery

A

equal flaps

long anterior flaps

long posterior flaps

52
Q

equal flaps

A

cut ends equal

incision under RL

53
Q

long anterior flaps

A

anterior long/short

incision posterior RL

54
Q

long posterior flaps

A

posterior long/ant short

incision anterior RL

55
Q

what is more common to preserve gastroc/soleus

A

long posterior flaps

for trans tibial

56
Q

medicare fxnal classification level

A

MFCL levels

also called ‘K’ levels

were adopted in 1995

57
Q

how many K levels are there

A

5

0-4

58
Q

what are the K lvls used for

A

to determine the prosthetic components of choice

59
Q

K0

A

prosthesis does not enhance quality of life = no prosthesis (w/c bound)

60
Q

K1

A

level surfaces

fixed cadence = household walker

61
Q

K2

A

low level environment barriers = limited community ambulatory

62
Q

K3

A

fxnal level that demands prosthetic components beyond simple locomotion

63
Q

K4

A

exhibiting high impact, stress or energy lvl = child, active adult, athlete

64
Q

how is the pt assessed by post op for K lvl

A

PT

MD

prosthetist

65
Q

when is the pt reassessed

A

later w/ prosthesis

66
Q

what is assessment based on

A

various outcome measures

amputee mobility predictor

TUG

tinetti

berg balance

6 min walk test

67
Q

amputee mobility predictor

A

valid and reliable

correlated well w/ 6 min walk

similar to berg and tinetti

68
Q

amputee mobility predictor includes

A

21 questions

goal for pt (predictive of potential)

K levels

w/ and w/o prosthesis (no #8 w/o)

Prosthetics and Orthotics - Exam 1 (19 decks)

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