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Prosthetics and Orthotics - Exam 1 > MSK Orthotics (1) > Flashcards

MSK Orthotics (1) Flashcards

1
Q

purpose of a brace/orthosis

A

assist motion

restrict motion

correct motion

provide feedback

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2
Q

assist motion –> purpose

A

w/ use of elastic straps or spring

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3
Q

restrict motion –> purpose

A

with use of stops or hinges

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4
Q

correct motion –> purpose

A

with long duration stretch

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5
Q

provide feedback –> purpose

A

afferent input from cutaneous receptors may lead to improved position sense

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6
Q

3 categories of knee bracing

A

prophylactic

rehabilitative

fxnal

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7
Q

prophylactic –> categories

A

designed to prevent or reduce the severity of a knee injury

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8
Q

rehabilitative –> categories

A

designed to allow protected motion of the injured knee treated surgically or non-surgically

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9
Q

fxnal –> categories

A

designed to provide stability to the unstable knee

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10
Q

hinge design for knee braces/orthoses

A

single

polycentric

multi-axis cam action

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11
Q

polycentric hinge

A

“fource point” hinge

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12
Q

fource point hinge

A

knee extension constraint hinge brace

potential training tool to assist athletes in increasing knee flexion angle during landing tasks

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13
Q

hinge technology of fource point hinge

A

patented

leaf spring mechanism provides 5 levels of resistance during extension

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14
Q

patented –> fource point hinge

A

designed to keep the knee out of “at risk” position

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15
Q

what does the fource point hinge apply

A

resistance during knee extension

resistance engages in last 25 degrees of extension

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16
Q

athletes <25 years who return to sport

A

have a secondary ACL injury rate of 23%

30-40x greater risk

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17
Q

decrease in anterior shear force on the tibia

A

should reduce the load on the ACL

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18
Q

risk factors for ACL injury may be minimized by

A

training through increased flexion angle during jump landing

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19
Q

wearing a FP consistently

A

increased the knee flexion angle

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20
Q

how much did the knee flexion angle increase while wearing a Donjoy FP hinged brace

A

8-10 degrees

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21
Q

brace prescription is based on

A

7 factors

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22
Q

7 factors of base prescription

A

goal of brace

activities for brace usage

pt’s build and varus and valgus alignment

pt’s ability to don and doff the brace

cosmesis of brace

materials used and weight of brace

cost

23
Q

goals of brace

A

prophylactic

rehabilitation

fxnal

24
Q

goal of prophylactic knee braces

A

eliminated or decreases the severity and incidence of injuries to the knee

resulting from both contact and non-contact stresses

25
Q

characteristics of an ideal prophylactic brace

A

supplement the resistance of the knee to injury

doesnt interfere w/ knee fxn

doesnt increase overall risk in other joints

adaptable to various anatomical configurations

not hazardous to others

durable and cost effective

efficient in preventing injuries

26
Q

goal of rehabilitative braces

A

provides controlled motion to allow tissue healing

27
Q

characteristics of ideal rehabilitative brace

A

provide adequate control of motion

avoid excessive loads on healing tissue

allow locking hinge if needed

adjustable to variable leg sizes and shapes, adapt for edema and atrophy

easily donned and doffed

durable and economical

comfortable

28
Q

uses of rehabilitative braces

A

function

29
Q

function of rehabilitative braces

A

to provide protection against accidental loading

ligament injury/reconstruction

quad rupture/patellar tendon rupture

patalla femoral realignment

30
Q

goal of fxnal knee braces

A

assists or provides fxnal stability of the knee

31
Q

characteristics of an ideal fxnal knee brace

A

support the joint w/o restricting fxn

be adjustable for changes in thigh girth

be able to withstand demand of activity

32
Q

types of fxnal knee braces

A

hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

stock or custom

33
Q

stock or custom are dependent on–> types of fxnal

A

size and shape of leg

demand of activity

cost

34
Q

examples of fxnal knee braces (least to most restrictive)

A

sleeve

medial and lateral hinge

hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

35
Q

fxn of a sleeve

A

compression

retention of body heat

protect and provide proprioception

36
Q

uses of a sleeve

A

arthritic knee

tendinitis

37
Q

materal

A

typically either elastic or neoprene

38
Q

medial and lateral hinge fxn

A

controls valgus/varus and extension (hyper)

39
Q

uses of medial and lateral hinge

A

medial or lateral instability

40
Q

hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell fxn

A

attempts to control medial/lateral, ant/post and IR/ER

41
Q

hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell has…

A

6 degrees of freedom

42
Q

6 degrees of freedom –> hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

A

sagittal plane

frontal plane

transverse plane

43
Q

sagittal plane –> hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

A

anterior translation of tibia and hyperextension

44
Q

frontal plane –> hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

A

medial and lateral

45
Q

transverse plane –> hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

A

controls ER of tibia with extension of knee

46
Q

uses of hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell

A

ACL or PCL with rotary instability

47
Q

hinge, post, strap or hinge, post, shell term

A

“de rotation”

48
Q

breakdown/transition braces are

A

designed to be used during both stages of rehabilitation and fxnal

49
Q

breakdown/transition braces examples

A

patella braces

“unloading” OA braces

50
Q

patella braces goals

A

to improve tracking or prevent subluxation/dislocation of patella

51
Q

types of patella braces

A

donut

horseshoe

dynamic buttress

extension stop w/ buttress

strap “counterforce”

McConnel strapping

52
Q

goal of unloading OA braces

A

to decrease knee compartment forces caused by OA

53
Q

indications of unloading OA braces

A

isolated unicompartmental OA (M/L)

Prosthetics and Orthotics - Exam 1 (19 decks)

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