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Neurology - Anatomy and Physiology > Spinal Cord Anatomy > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves?

A

31

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2
Q

How many cervical spinal nerves?

A

8

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3
Q

How many thoracic spinal nerves?

A

12

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4
Q

How many lumbar spinal nerves?

A

5

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5
Q

How many sacral spinal nerves?

A

5

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6
Q

How many coccygeal?

A

1

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7
Q

Which nerves exit ABOVE corresponding vertebra?

A

C1-C7.

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8
Q

Where does C8 exit?

A

Below C7, above T1.

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9
Q

Where do T1 and below exit?

A

Below corresponding vertebrae.

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10
Q

Where does the spinal cord end?

A

L1-L2.

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11
Q

Where does the subarachnoid space extend to?

A

Lower border of S2.

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12
Q

Where is LP performed?

A

Between L3-L4 or L4-L5.

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13
Q

What is herniating through what w/ a vertebral disc herniation?

A

Nucleus pulposus (soft central disc) hernates through annulus fibrosus (outer ring).

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14
Q

Most common site of vertebral disc herniation?

A

Posteriorly at L4-L5 or L5-S1.

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15
Q

What tracts of the spinal cord travel in the 11:00-1:00 regions?

A

Dorsal columns

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16
Q

What tract of the spinal cord travels from 2:00-3:00, or 9:00-10:00?

A

Lateral corticospinal tract

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17
Q

What tract of the spinal cord travels from 3PM to 6PM? (and 6PM to 9PM?)

A

Lateral spinothalamic tract, at bottom there’s Anterior spinalthalamic tract.

18
Q

What is at 6PM of the spinal cord?

A

Anterior corticospinal tract.

19
Q

What is the organization of the lateral corticospinal tracts and lateral spinothalamic tracts?

A

Cervical is Central, Lateral is Legs/Lumbosacral.

20
Q

What is the organization of the dorsal columns?

A

Opposite: Lower inside, upper outside.

21
Q

What are the two parts of the dorsal columns?

A

Fasciculus gracilis, fasciculus cuneatus

22
Q

What does the fasciculus gracilus contain?

A

Lower body. (Ass in the Grass). Cuneatus has upper body.

23
Q

What are the dorsal columns responsible for?

A

Pressure, vibration, fine touch, and proprioception.

24
Q

What are the lateral spinothalamic tracts responsible for?

A

Pain and temperature.

25
Q

What are the anterior spinothalamic tracts responsible for?

A

Crude touch and pressure.

26
Q

What are the corticospinal tracts responsible for?

A

Voluntary movement of contralateral limbs.

27
Q

What is the 1st order neuron of the dorsal columns?

A

Sensory nerve endings –> cell body in dorsal root ganglion –> enters spinal cord, ascends ipsilaterally in dorsal column.

28
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron of the dorsal column synapse?

A

Ipsilateral nucleus cuneatus or gracilus - medulla.

29
Q

What is the second order neuron of the dorsal column?

A

Decussates in the medulla, ascends contralaterally in medial lemniscus.

30
Q

Where does the second order neuron of the dorsal column synapse?

A

VPL of the thalamus.

31
Q

Where does the 3rd order neuron of the dorsal column go?

A

Sensory cortex.

32
Q

What is the 1st order neuron of the spinothalamic tract?

A

Sensory nerve ending (A-Delt and C fibers) - cell body in dorsal root ganglion –> enters spinal cord.

33
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron of the spinothalamic tract synapse?

A

Ipsilateral gray matter of the spinal cord

34
Q

What does the second order neuron of the spinothalamic tract do?

A

Decussates at anterior white commissure –> ascends contralaterally.

35
Q

Where does the second order neuron of the spinothalamic tract synapse?

A

VPL, thalamus.

36
Q

Where does the third order neuron of the spinothalamic tract go?

A

Sensory cortex

37
Q

What is the 1st order neuron of the corticospinal tract?

A

UMN: Cell body in Primary motor cortex. Descends ipsilaterally through internal capsule, most fibers decussate at caudal medulla (pyramidal) –> descends contralaterally

38
Q

Where does the 1st order neuron of the corticospinal tract synpase?

A

Cell body of anterior horn in the spinal cord

39
Q

What is the second order neuron of the corticospinal tract?

A

LMN: leaves spinal cord.

40
Q

Where does the second order neuron of the corticospinal tract synpase?

A

NMJ.

Neurology - Anatomy and Physiology (19 decks)

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