Hypothalamus Flashcards
What functions does the hypothalamus have?
- Hunger/thirst
- Heating/cooling
- Sympathetic/parasympathetic
- Sex/sleep
Through what structure does the hypothalamus regulate the anterior pituitary?
adenohypophyis
Through what structure does the hypothalamus communicate with the posterior pituitary?
Neurohypophis - disruption of BBB so ADH and oxytocin can travel for release in the post. pit.
What structure in the hypothalamus is responsible for hunger? What is the action of leptin here?
Lateral area. (Destruction: anorexia, FTT)
Leptin inhibits.
“Zap your lateral, shrink laterally”
What structure in the hypothalamus is responsible for satiety? What is the action of leptin here?
Ventromedial area. (Destruction ie craniopharyngioma: hyperphagia)
“If you zap your ventromedial nuc, you grow ventrally and medailly”
What part of the hypothalamus primarily makes ADH?
supraoptic nucleus
What part of the hypothalamus primary makes oxytocin?
Paraventricular nucleus
What part of the hypothalamus is responsible for cooling? What autonomic system is controlled here too?
Anterior hypothalamus, parasympathetic. (A/C = anterior cool). Parasympathetic = “cooling down”.
What part of the hypothalamus is responsible for heating? What autonomic system is controlled here too?
Posterior hypothalamus, sympathetic. (Sympathetic = getting fired up).
“Shakira’s got a hot posterior”
What part of the hypothalamus is responsible for circadian rhythm?
suprachiasmatic nucleus.
“Need sleep to be charismatic”
What areas not protected by blood brain barrier give input to the hypothalamus?
Organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis: senses changes is osmolarity
Area postrema: responds to emetics
What areas of the hypothalamus does leptin act on?
Inhibits the lateral nucleus. (anti-hunger)
Stimulates the ventromedial nucleus. (pro-satiety).
