Common brain lesions Flashcards
What brain lesions is associated with disinhibition behavior such as hyperphagia, hypersexuality, and hyperorality? What is this syndrome called?
Bilateral amygdala. Kluver-Bucy syndrome.
What virus is Kluver Bucy syndrome associated with?
HSV-1
What brain lesion causes disinhibition and deficits in concentration,
orientation, judgment; may have reemergence
of primitive reflexes.
Frontal lobe
What brain lesion causes hemispatial neglect syndrome (agnosia of the
contralateral side of the world).
Non-dominant parietal temporal cortex.
What brain lesion causes agraphia, acalculia, finger agnosia, left-right disorientation?
Dominant parietal temporal cortex.
What is agraphia, acalculia, finger agnosia, and left-right disorientation called?
Gerstmann syndrome
What brain lesion causes reduced levels of arousal and wakefulness?
Reticular activating system (midbrain)
What brain lesion causes confusion, opthalmoplegia, ataxia, memory loss (anterograde and retrograde amnesia), confabulation and personality changes?
Bilateral mamillary bodies (Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome).
What causes Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome?
Associated with B1 deficiency and excessive alcohol use; can be associated with giving glucose without thiamine to a thiamine deficient patient.
What brain lesions causes tremor at rest/chorea/athetosis?
Basal ganglia
What brain lesions cause intention tremor/limb ataxia/loss of balance?
Cerebellar hemisphere. Ipsilateral - fall towards side of lesion.
What brain lesion causes truncal ataxia and dysarthria?
cerebellar vermis.
What brain lesions causes contralateral hemiballismus?
Subthalamic nucleus.
What brain lesion causes anterograde amnesia?
hippocampus (bilateral)
What brain lesions causes eyes to look away from the side of lesion?
paramedian pontine reticular formation
