Spinal cord

Question 1

Spinal cord locations

Answer 1

begins at the foramen magnum at the base of the skull

ends at the inferior border of the 1st lumbar vertebrae.

Question 2

Meningeal sack

Answer 2

Fluid filled sack that protects the spinal cord.

Question 3

Conus Medularis

Answer 3

the tapered cone end of the spinal cord that helps anchor the spinal cord.

Question 4

Filum Terminale

Answer 4

extends from the conus medulairs to end of spinal cavity also helps to anchor the spinal cord. looks like a line extending down from the conus.

Question 5

spinal nerves at the cervical and thoracic levels

Answer 5

goes to the arms and the thorax (chest). nerves exit pretty evenly with the level they are at.

Question 6

spinal nerves at the lumbar, sacral and coccygeal levels

Answer 6

goes to the legs, pelvis and abdomen (between thorax and pelvis) these spinal nerves exit the spinal cavity and vertebral column inferior to the end of the spinal cord.

Question 7

Cauda enquina

Answer 7

Meningeal sack that is inferior to the end of the spinal cord. filled with spinal nerves that exit at the lumbar, sacral and coccygeal vertebral column levels. these nerves to go the legs, pelvis and abdomen. (horses tail)

Question 8

Sulcus

Answer 8

a furrow like what you bury seeds in. eg. posterior median sulcus in the vertebrae.

Question 9

Fissure

Answer 9

a deep sulcus. eg the anterior median fissure in the vertebrae.

Question 10

Dorsal side of spinal cord

Answer 10

Sensory afferent - information accending from the periphery into the brain. through the dorsal root.

Question 11

Ventral side of spinal cord

Answer 11

Motor efferent - information decending from the brain out to the periphery system. through the ventral root.

Question 12

Dorsal columns

Answer 12

white matter - axons
Lateral columns (2)
posterior columns (2)
information UP

Question 13

Ventral columns

Answer 13

white matter -axons
anterior columns (2)
information DOWN

Question 14

Ventral roots

Answer 14

Information OUT of spinal cord
efferent (motor) information leaves through the ventral roots
Somatic motor neurons in the ventral horns
Autonomic neurons in the lateral/ ventrolateral horns (pre-ganglionic)
one way flow of information

Question 15

Dorsal roots

Answer 15

Information INTO the spinal cord
afferent (sensory) information enters through the dorsal roots
cell bodies of sensory neurons are in the dorsal root ganglion
these are unipolar neurons.
one way flow of information

Question 16

Spinal nerves

Answer 16

Made up of the dorsal and ventral roots
2 way flow of information (IN and OUT)
called mixed nerves
break into 2 branches - ventral and dorsal ramus

Question 17

Ventral Ramus

Answer 17

communicates with the sympathetic chain via the sympathetic rami

Question 18

Endoneurium

Answer 18

sheet that covers an axon (myelinated or unmyelinated)

Question 19

Fascicle

Answer 19

axons that are bundled together

Question 20

Perineurium

Answer 20

sheet that covers the Fascicle

Question 21

Nerve

Answer 21

combination of fascicles and blood vessels

Question 22

Epineurium

Answer 22

sheet that covers and protects the nerves