Divisions of nervous system

Question 1

Somatic in general

Answer 1

the stuff we are aware of and have control over
voluntary muscle control (somatic efferent)
sensory information that we are aware of (somatic afferent)
our 5 senses

Question 2

Autonomic in general

Answer 2

the stuff we are not aware of/ have no control over
involuntary muscle control (autonomic Efferent) heart beat
sensory information that we don’t know about e.g blood pressure so body doesn’t have to think about it (autonomic afferent)

Question 3

Somatic Motor division (efferent)

Answer 3

voluntary control
one neuron between CNS and effector (muscle)
one cell body in spinal cord (CNS) and the axon in the PNS
effector (thing the nerve goes to and controls) skeletal muscles usually.

Question 4

Synapse at somatic motor

Answer 4

Acetylcholine (ACh) - neurotransmitter released by neuron onto the muscle cell at the NMJ

Question 5

Somatic motor unit

Answer 5

one single neuron makes contact with one or several muscle fibres
one single fibre CANNOT be innervated by more than one neuron.

Question 6

Autonomic motor (efferent)

Answer 6

2 neurons between CNS and effector
Neuron 1 has cell body in the CNS and axon in the PNS MYELINATED
Neuron 2 has the cell body and the axon in the PNS UNMYELINATED
synapse the at autonomic ganglion (collection of neurons)

Question 7

Sympathetic (autonomic subdivision)

Answer 7

prepares the body for acute stress responses
flight or flight response
increased heart rate
increased blood flow to muscles
decrease in gastric motility and salvation
increase in pupil size and sweating

Question 8

Parasympathetic (autonomic subdivision)

Answer 8

prepares the body for restful situations 
rest and digest system 
decreased heart rate 
increase in gastric motility 
decrease in pupil size and salvation

Question 9

Sympathetic (autonomic) structure

Answer 9

axon of pre-ganglionic neurons leaves CNS at the thoracolumbar levels (spinal cord)
axon extends a short distance
synapse and cell body of post-ganglionic neuron are in sympathetic ganglion - close to the CNS
Acetylcholine (ACh) at the first synapse
Norepinephrine (NE) between post-ganglionic neuron and effector.

Question 10

Sympathetic CHAIN ganglia

Answer 10

21-23 pairs
alongside the vertebral column
place where pre-ganglionic axon synapse to post-ganglionic cell body happens - close to the CNS

Question 11

Sympathetic COLLATERAL ganglia

Answer 11

3 main collateral ganglia
contain preganglionic axons that are not in a row and did not synapse in chain so not apart of the chain.
down the bottom

Question 12

Parasympathetic (autonomic) structure

Answer 12

axon of preganglionic neruon leaves CNS at CRANIAL and SACRAL levels
axon of preganglionic neurons are very long
synapse and postganglinic neuron and cell body in ganglion in and near the effector organs.