Specific antidotes

Question 1

Acetaminophen

Answer 1

N-acetylcysteine

Question 2

Acid / alkali ingestion

Answer 2

Upper endoscopy to evaluate for stricture

Question 3

Anticholinesterases, organophosphates

Answer 3

Atropine, pralidoxime

Question 4

Antimuscarinic / anticholinergic agents

Answer 4

Physostigmine

Question 5

Arsenic, mercury, gold

Answer 5

Succimer, dimercaprol

Question 6

Beta-blockers

Answer 6

Glucagon

Question 7

Barbiturates (phenobarbital)

Answer 7

Urine alkalinization, dialysis, activated charcoal, supportive care

Question 8

Benzodiazepines

Answer 8

Flumazenil (can precipitate withdrawal)

Question 9

Black widow bite

Answer 9

Calcium gluconate, methocarbamol

Question 10

Carbon monoxide

Answer 10

100% O2, hyperbaric O2

Question 11

Copper, arsenic, lead, gold

Answer 11

Penicillamine

Question 12

Cyanide

Answer 12

Hydroxycobalamin, amyl nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium thiosulfate

Question 13

Digitalis

Answer 13

Normalize K+ but avoid giving Ca++, Mg++, or lidocaine (for torsades); anti-digitalis Fab

Question 14

Heparin

Answer 14

Protamine sulfate

Question 15

Isoniazid

Answer 15

Pyridoxine

Question 16

Iron salts

Answer 16

Deferoxamine

Question 17

Lead

Answer 17

Succimer, CaEDTA, dimercaprol

Question 18

Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)

Answer 18

EtOH, fomepizole, dialysis, calcium gluconate for ethylene glycol

Question 19

Methemoglobin

Answer 19

Methylene blue

Question 20

Opioids

Answer 20

Naloxone

Question 21

Salicylates

Answer 21

Urine alkalinization, dialysis, activated charcoal

Question 22

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Answer 22

Sodium bicarbonate for QRS prolongation; diazepam or lorazepam for seizures; cardiac monitor for arrhythmias

Question 23

Theophylline

Answer 23

Activated charcoal. Consider repeat doses.

Question 24

tPA, streptokinase

Answer 24

Aminocaproic acid

Question 25

Warfarin

Answer 25

Vitamin K, Fresh Frozen Plasma