Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Step 2 CK_Rapid Review > Infectious Diseases_RR > Flashcards

Infectious Diseases_RR Flashcards

1
Q

The three most common causes of fever of unknown origin (FUO)

A

Infection, cancer, autoimmune disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Four signs and symptoms of streptococcal pharyngitis

A

Fever, pharyngeal erythema, tonsillar exudate, lack of cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A non-suppurative complication of streptococcal infection that is not altered by treatment of primary infection

A

Post-infectious glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The most common predisposing factor for acute sinusitis

A

Viral URI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Asplenic patients are particularly susceptible to these organisms

A 
Encapsulated organisms--
Pneumococcus,
Meningococcus,
Haemophilus influenzae,
Klebsiella
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The number of bacteria needed on a clean-catch specimen to diagnosis a UTI

A

10^5 bacteria/mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which healthy population is susceptible to UTIs?

A

Pregnant women.

Treat this group aggressively because of potential complications.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A patient from California or Arizona presents with fever, malaise, cough, and night sweats. Diagnosis? Treatment?

A

Coccidioidomycosis;

Amphotericin B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Non-painful chancre

A

Primary syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A “blueberry muffin” rash is characteristic of what congenital infection?

A

Rubella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Meningitis in neonates. Causes? Treatment?

A

Group B strep, E. coli, Listeria;

Treat with gentamicin and ampicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Meningitis in infants. Causes? Treatment?

A

Pneumococcus, meningococcus, H. influenzae;

Treat with cefotaxime and vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What should always be done prior to a lumbar puncture?

A

Check for increased intracranial pressure;

Look for papilledema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What conditions are associated with the following CSF findings?
A) Low glucose, PMN predominance
B) Normal glucose, lymphocytic predominance
C) Numerous RBCs in serial CSF samples
D) Increased gamma globulins

A

A) Bacterial meningitis
B) Aseptic (viral) meningitis
C) Subarachnoid hemorrhage
D) Multiple sclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Initially presents with a pruritic papule with regional lymphadenopathy; evolves into a black eschar after 7-10 days. Treatment?

A

Cutaneous anthrax. Treat with penicillin G or ciprofloxacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Findings in tertiary syphilis

A

Tabes dorsalis, general paresis, gummas, Argyll Robertson pupil, aortitis, aortic root aneurysms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Characteristics of secondary Lyme disease

A

Arthralgias, migratory polyarthropathies, Bell’s palsy, myocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cold agglutinins

A

Mycoplasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A 24-year-old man presents with soft white plaques on his tongue and the back of his throat. Diagnosis? Workup? Treatment?

A

Candidal thrush.
Workup should include an HIV test.
Treat with nystatin oral suspension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

At what CD4 count should Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis be initiated in an HIV-positive patient?
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) prophylaxis?

A

≤ 200 for P. jiroveci (with TMP-SMX)

≤ 50-100 for MAI (with clarithromycin/azithromycin)

21
Q

Risk factors for pyelonephritis

A

Pregnancy, vesicoureteral reflux, anatomic anomalies, indwelling catheters, kidney stones

22
Q

Neutropenic nadir post-chemotherapy

A

7-10 days

23
Q

Erythema migrans

A

Lesion of primary Lyme disease

24
Q

Classic physical findings for endocarditis

A

Fever, heart murmur, Osler’s nodes, splinter hemorrhages, Janeway lesions, Roth’s spots

25
Q

Aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease

A

Parvovirus B19

26
Q

Ring-enhancing brain lesions on CT with seizuers

A

Taenia solium (cysticercosis)

27
Q

A 55-year-old man who is a smoker and a heavy drinker presents with a new cough and flu-like symptoms. Gram stain shows no organisms; silver stain of sputum shows gram-negative rods. What is the diagnosis?

A

Legionella pneumonia

28
Q

A middle-aged man presents with acute-onset monoarticular joint pain and bilateral Bell’s palsy. What is the likely diagnosis? What is the likely cause? What is the best treatment?

A

Lyme disease;
Ixodes tick;
Doxycycline

29
Q

A patient develops endocarditis three weeks after receiving a prosthetic heart valve. What organism is suspected?

A

S. aureus or Staphylococcus epidermitis

30
Q

A patient develops endocarditis in a native valve after having a dental cleaning.

A

Streptococcus viridans

31
Q

Name the organism:

Branching rods in oral infection

A

Actinomyces israelii

32
Q

Name the organism:

Weakly gram-positive, partially acid-fast in lung infection

A

Nocardia asteroides

33
Q

Name the organism:

Painful chancroid

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

34
Q

Name the organism:

Dog or cat bite

A

Pasteurella multocida

35
Q

Name the organism:

Gardener

A

Sporothrix schenckii

36
Q

Name the organism:

Raw pork and skeletal muscle cysts

A

Trichinella spiralis

37
Q

Name the organism:

Sheepherders with liver cysts

A

Echinoccus granulosus

38
Q

Name the organism:

Perianal itching

A

Enterobius vermicularis

39
Q

Name the organism:

Pregnant women with pets

A

Toxoplasma gondii

40
Q

Name the organism:

Meningitis in adults

A

Neisseria meningitidis

41
Q

Name the organism:

Meningitis in elderly

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

42
Q

Name the organism:

Meningoencephalitis in AIDS patients

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

43
Q

Name the organism:

Alcoholic with pneumonia

A

Klebsiella

44
Q

Name the organism:

“Currant jelly” sputum

A

Klebsiella

45
Q

Name the organism:

Malignant external otitis

A

Pseudomonas

46
Q

Name the organism:

Infection in burn victims

A

Pseudomonas

47
Q

Name the organism:

Osteomyelitis from a foot wound puncture

A

Pseudomonas

48
Q

Name the organism:

Osteomyelitis in a sickle cell patient

A

Salmonella

Step 2 CK_Rapid Review (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions