Gynecology_RR

Question 1

The first test to perform when a woman presents with amenorrhea

Answer 1

Beta-hCG; the most common cause of amenorrhea is pregnancy

Question 2

Term for heavy bleeding during and between menstrual periods

Answer 2

Menometrorrhagia

Question 3

Cause of amenorrhea with normal prolactin, no response to estrogen-progesterone challenge, and a history of D&C

Answer 3

Asherman’s Syndrome

Question 4

Therapy for polycystic ovarian syndrome

Answer 4

Weight loss and oral contraceptives.

Consider metformin

Question 5

Medication used to induce ovulation

Answer 5

Clomiphene citrate

Question 6

Diagnostic step required in a post-menopausal women who presents with vaginal bleeding

Answer 6

Endometrial biopsy

Question 7

Indications for medical treatment for ectopic pregnancy

Answer 7

Patient stable; un-ruptured ectopic pregnancy of gestation

Question 8

Medical options for endometriosis

Answer 8

Oral contraceptives, danazol, GnRH agonists

Question 9

Laparoscopic findings in endometriosis

Answer 9

Powder burns, “chocolate cysts”

Question 10

The most common location for an ectopic pregnancy

Answer 10

Ampulla of the oviduct

Question 11

How to diagnose and follow a leiomyoma

Answer 11

Ultrasound

Question 12

Natural history of a leiomyoma

Answer 12

Regresses after menopause

Question 13

A patient has increased vaginal discharge and petechial patches in the upper vagina and cervix

Answer 13

Trichomonal vaginitis

Question 14

Treatment for bacterial vaginosis

Answer 14

Oral or topical metronidazole

Question 15

The most common cause of bloody nipple discharge

Answer 15

Intraductal papilloma

Question 16

Contraceptive methods that protect agains Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

Answer 16

OCPs and barrier contraception

Question 17

Unopposed estrogen is contraindicated in which cancers?

Answer 17

Endometrial or estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer

Question 18

A patient presents with recent PID with RUQ pain.

Answer 18

Consider Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

Question 19

Breast malignancy presenting as itching, burning, and erosion of the nipple

Answer 19

Paget’s disease

Question 20

Annual screening for women with a strong family history of ovarian cancer

Answer 20

CA-125 and transvaginal ultrasound

Question 21

A 50-year-old woman leaks urine when laughing or coughing. Non-surgical options?

Answer 21

Kegel exercises, estrogen, pessaries for stress incontinence

Question 22

A 30-year-old woman has unpredictable urine loss. Examination is normal. Medical options?

Answer 22

Anticholinergics (oxybutynin) or beta-adrenergics (metaproterenol) for urge incontinence

Question 23

Lab values suggestive of menopause

Answer 23

Increased serum FSH

Question 24

The most common cause of female infertility

Answer 24

Endometriosis

Question 25

Two consecutive findings of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) on Pap smear. Follow-up evaluation?

Answer 25

Colposcopy and endocervical curettage

Question 26

Breast cancer type that increases the future risk of invasive carcinoma in both breasts.

Answer 26

Lobular carcinoma in situ