Pediatrics_RR Flashcards
Non-tender abdominal mass associated with elevated VMA and HVA
Neuroblastoma
The most common type of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). How is the diagnosis made?
Esophageal atresia with distal TEF (85%).
Unable to pass NG tube
Not contraindications to vaccination
Mild illness and/or low-grade fever, current antibiotic therapy, and prematurity
Tests to rule out shaken baby syndrome
Ophthalmologic exam, CT, and MRI
A neonate has meconium ileus
Cystic fibrosis (Hirschsprung's Disease is associated with failure to pass meconium for 48 hours)
Bilious emesis within hours after the first feeding.
Duodenal atresia
A 2-month-old baby presents with non-bilious projectile emesis. Diagnosis? What are the appropriate steps in management?
Pyloric stenosis.
Correct metabolic abnormalities; then correct pyloric stenosis with pyloromyotomy
The most common primary immunodeficiency
Selective IgA deficiency
An infant has a high fever and onset of rash as fever breaks. What is he at risk for?
Febrile seizures (due to roseola infantum)
What is the immunodeficiency?
A) A boy has chronic respiratory infections. Nitroblue tetrazolium test is negative.
B) A child has excema, thrombocytopenia, and high levels of IgA.
C) A 4-month-old boy has life-threatening Pseudomonas infection.
A) Chronic granulomatous disease
B) Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
C) Bruton’s X-linked agammaglobulinemia
Acute-phase treatment for Kawasaki disease
High-dose aspirin for inflammation and fever;
IVIG to prevent coronary artery aneurysms
Treatment for mild and severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Phototherapy (mild) or exchange transfusion (severe).
Do not use phototherapy for conjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
Sudden onset of mental status changes, emesis, and liver dysfunction after aspirin intake
Reye’s syndrome
A child has loss of red light reflex (white pupil). Diagnosis? The child has an increased risk of what cancer?
Suspect retinoblastoma.
Osteosarcoma.
Vaccinations at a 6-month well-child visit.
HBV, DTaP, Hib, IPV, PCV, Rotavirus
Tanner stage 3 in a 6-year-old girl
Precocious puberty
Infection of small airways with epidemics in winter and spring.
RSV bronchiolitis
Cause of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS)
Surfactant deficiency
A condition associated with red “currant-jelly” stools, colicky abdominal pain, bilious vomiting, and a sausage-shaped mass in the RUQ
Intussusception
A congenital heart disease that causes secondary hypertension. What would you find on physical examination?
Coarctation of the aorta;
Decreased femoral pulses
First-line treatment for otitis media
Amoxicillin x 10 days
The most common pathogen causing croup
Parainfluenza virus type 1
A homeless child is small for his age, and has peeling skin and a swollen body.
Kwashiorkor (protein malnutrition)
Defect in an X-linked syndrome with mental retardation, gout, self-mutilation, and choreoathetosis.
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
Purine salvage problem with HGPRTase deficiency
A newborn girl has a continuous “machinery murmur.” Diagnosis? What drug would you give?
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
Indomethacin is given to close the PDA
A newborn with a posterior neck mass and swelling of the hands
Turner’s syndrome
