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medterm > Special Senses/Integumentary Test > Flashcards

Special Senses/Integumentary Test Flashcards

1
Q

eye: orbit

A

aka eye socket, bony cavity of skull that contains/protects eyeball and associated muscle, blood vessels, nerves

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2
Q

eye: muscles

A

3 pairs=6

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3
Q

eye: lacrimal apparatus

A

produce, store, remove tears

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4
Q

eye: iris

A

colorful muscular layer that surrounds pupil, muscle within controls amount of light allowed to enter eye

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5
Q

eye: pupil

A

black circular opening in center of iris that permits light to enter eye

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6
Q

eye: lens

A

clear, flexible, curved structure that focuses images of the retina, behind iris/pupil

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7
Q

eye: cornea

A

transparent outer surface of eye covering iris/pupil, focuses light rays entering eye

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8
Q

eye: sclera

A

white of eye, maintains shape of eye, protects inner layer of tissue

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9
Q

eye: choroid

A

opaque mid layer, contains blood vessels and provides blood supply for all of eye

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10
Q

eye: retina

A

innermost layer, receives nerve impulses and transmits them to brain via optic nerve

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11
Q

retina: macula

A

clearly defined yellow area in center of retina

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12
Q

retina: fovea centralis

A

pit in middle of macula, color vision is best here bc of high concentration of cones

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13
Q

retina: cones

A

color receptors

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14
Q

retina: rods

A

black/white receptors

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15
Q

outer ear: pinna

A

external portion of ear, catches sound waves and transmits to external auditory canal

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16
Q

outer ear: external auditory canal

A

transmits sound from pinna to tympanic membrane

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17
Q

cerumen

A

earwax, protective function to trap small insects, debris, and certain bacteria from entering ear

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18
Q

middle ear: tympanic membrane

A

ear drum, transmits sound waves by vibrating

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19
Q

middle ear: auditory ossicles

A

3 small bones that transmits sound waves from eardrum to inner ear by vibrations
malleus(hammer), incus(anvil), stapes(stirrup)

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20
Q

inner ear: cochlea

A

snail shaped, fluid filled structure

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21
Q

inner ear: semicircular canals

A

has liquid endolymph and sensitive hair like cells
bending of cells respond to movement of head to maintain equilibrium

22
Q

inner ear: eustachian tube

A

narrow tubes that lead from mid ear to nasal cavity and throat, equalize air pressure in mid ear with that of outside atmosphere

23
Q

inner ear: mastoid bone cells

A

surround mid ear, hollow air space located in mastoid process of temporal bone

24
Q

ectropion vs entropion

A

eversion of edge of (lower) eyelid vs inversion of edge of eyelid

25
Q

conjunctivitis

A

aka pinkeye, inflammation of conjuctiva, usually caused by infection/allergic reaction

26
Q

macular degeneration

A

gradual progressive condition, macula at center of retina is damaged resulting in loss of central vision, not total blindness

27
Q

diplopia

A

aka double vision, perception of two images of single object

28
Q

monochromatism

A

aka color blindness, inability to distinguish colors

29
Q

esotropia

A

aka cross eyes, inward deviation of one or both eyes

30
Q

otalgia

A

aka earache, pain in the ear

31
Q

vertigo

A

sense of whirling, dizziness, and loss of balance, often combined with nausea and vomiting

32
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears, more likely to occur when there has been prolonged exposure to loud noises

33
Q

skin trivia

A

adult human has 21 sqft of skin
average adult skin weighs 9 pounds (7-15% bodyweight)
shed 8.5 pounds of skin cells every year
skin releases 3 gallons of sweat during hot weather

34
Q

functions of skin

A

protection, water balance, temperature regulation, waste disposal, receptor organs, blood reservoir, vitamin D production

35
Q

structure/function of epidermis

A

Superficial outer layer, specialized epithelial tissue, a vascular, regen 35-45 days
Squamous epithelial tissue upper layer, nasal layer-low level, keratin, melanocytes, melanin, cell produced then pushed up to die & keratinize

36
Q

structure/function of dermis

A

Tough, thick, below epidermis, vascular, strong flexible connective tissue, collagen, elastic, reticular fibers, wrinkle=loss of elastin, blood vessels, capillaries, lymphatic vessels, nerves, hair shaft/follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, sensory receptors, sensory nerve endings, mast cells

37
Q

structure/function of subcutaneous layer

A

Just below skin, most fat and connective tissue, anchors skin to under structures/muscles

38
Q

structure of nails

A

Unguis-nail, keratinized epidermal cells, grow under lunula(white part) of nailbed

39
Q

melanocytes

A

hair/skin pigment depends on, located in follicle/basal layer, specialized cells that secrete melanin

40
Q

arrector pili

A

Bundle of smooth muscle that raises hair in response to cold or fright

41
Q

function of sweat glands

A

Temperature regulation

42
Q

function of sebaceous/oil glands

A

Sebum, discourage bacterial growth, smooth and soften hair/skin, slows water loss during dry weather

43
Q

surface lesions: crust

A

areas of dried pus and blood, aka scabs

44
Q

surface lesions: nodule

A

small rounded lump or swelling

45
Q

surface lesions: pustule

A

sacs filled with pus ex: acne, pimples

46
Q

surface lesions: ulcer

A

deep loss of skin surface that may extend into dermis

47
Q

hirsutism

A

presence of excessive body and facial hair in women, usually occurs in male pattern

48
Q

alopecia

A

aka baldness, partial or complete loss of hair, most common on scalp

49
Q

furuncle

A

aka boils, large tender swollen areas caused by staphylococcal infections around hair follicles or sebaceous glands

50
Q

label eye ear skin

A

ok

medterm (22 decks)

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