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medterm > Reproductive test > Flashcards

Reproductive test Flashcards

1
Q

Penis

A

Male sex organ, transports sperm and excretes urine waste
foreskin/prepuce: double layer fold of skin protecting glans penis (head)

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2
Q

Scrotum

A

Sac-like structure that surrounds, protects and supports testicles

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3
Q

Testicles

A

two egg shaped glands that produce sperm
spermatic cord: contains vas deferens and all vessels and nerves for each testicle

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4
Q

Vas deferens

A

Continuation of the epididymis, joins the urethra

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5
Q

Prostate gland

A

Secretes fluid into semen to aid in sperm movement

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6
Q

Cowper’s gland

A

aka bulbourethral secretes pre-ejaculate fluid to wash out residual waste and lubricate urethra for sperm to pass, can contain sperm even if ejaculation doesn’t occur

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7
Q

Urethra

A

Passageway through penis to the outside of the body to release urine and reproductive fluids/materials

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8
Q

Spermatozoa

A

male gametes, aka sperm, fertilize ova

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9
Q

Ovaries

A

small almond shaped, located in lower abdomen on either side of uterus, produce ova

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10
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

extend from upper end of the uterus, carry ovum from ovary to uterus

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11
Q

Uterus

A

pear shaped, located btwn urinary bladder and rectum, 3 parts: fundus, corpus, cervix. 3 tissues: perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

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12
Q

Vagina

A

muscular tube extending from cervix to outside body

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13
Q

Where are estrogen and progesterone produced

A

The ovaries

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14
Q

3 stages of menstruation

A

menarche: beginning of function, puberty, 28 days
perimenopause: transition phase btwn regular menstrual period and no periods at all, last 10 years, hormone changes
menopause: termination of function during middle age

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15
Q

What happens during postmenstrual phase of menstrual cycle

A

pituitary gland secretes follicle stimulating hormone, causing ovum to mature, ovaries secrete estrogen, stimulating uterus to prepare for zygote

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16
Q

Functions of placenta

A

temporary organ that allows for exchange of nutrients, oxygen, waste btwn mother/fetus, produces hormones necessary to maintain pregnancy

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17
Q

Functions of umbilical cord

A

carries blood, oxygen, nutrients from placenta to fetus, carries its waste to dispose, navel is formed from attachment

18
Q

Gestation period

A

period of child development in utero, lasts about 280 days

19
Q

Gynecologist

A

physician specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of the female reproductive system

20
Q

Obstetrician

A

physician specializing in providing medical care to women during pregnancy, childbirth, and immediately afterward

21
Q

Andropause

A

aka ADAM, androgen decline in the aging male, a progressive decrease of testosterone that usually begins in the late 40s

22
Q

Cryptorchidism

A

A undescended testicle, a developmental defect in which 1 or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum

23
Q

Azoospermia

A

Absence of sperm in the semen

24
Q

Oligospermia

A

Abnormally low sperm count of below 20 million/mL

25
Q

Orchidectomy

A

Surgical removal of one or both testicles

26
Q

PCOS

A

Polycystic ovary syndrome: condition caused by hormonal imbalance, ovaries are enlarged by presence of cysts that are formed by incompletely developed follicles

27
Q

Orchiopexy

A

Repair of an undescended testicle

28
Q

Oophoritis

A

Inflammation of an ovary, often occurs with pelvic inflammatory disease or salpingitis are present

29
Q

Endometriosis

A

Condition in which endometrial tissue escapes the uterus and attaches to other structures in the pelvic cavity, leading cause of infertility

30
Q

Menometrorrhagia

A

Excessive uterine bleeding at both the usual time of menstrual periods and other irregular intervals

31
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

Potentially dangerous condition in which the fertilized egg implants and starts to develop outside the uterus

32
Q

Preeclampsia

A

Pregnancy induced hypertension, edema and proteinuria

33
Q

Eclampsia

A

More serious form of preeclampsia with convulsions and sometimes coma

34
Q

Abruptio placentae

A

Disorder in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall before birth, leading cause of fetal death

35
Q

Ovariorrhexis

A

Rupture of an ovary

36
Q

Amniocentesis

A

Surgical puncture with a needle to obtain a sample of amniotic fluid used to evaluate fetal health and diagnose certain congenital disorders

37
Q

Oophorectomy

A

Surgical removal of both ovaries

38
Q

Hysterectomy

A

Surgical removal of uterus

39
Q

Ovulation

A

takes about 5 days for ovum to pass through fallopian tube

40
Q

Conception

A

fertilized egg is called a zygote, implantation to 8th week of pregnancy baby is called embryo

medterm (22 decks)

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