Respiratory test Flashcards
Alveoli
Air sacs that exchange gases with the pulmonary capillary blood
Anthracosis
‘Coal miners pneumoconiosis” or “black lung disease” is cause by coal dust in the lungs
Aphonia
Larynx loses its ability to produce normal speech sounds
Apnea
Absence of spontaneous respiration
Asbestosis
Caused by asbestos particles in the lungs
Atelectasis
collapse of part or all of a lung by blockage of the air passage or by very shallow breathing
Bradypnea
Abnormally slow breathing, less than 10 breaths per minute
Bronchiole
Tubes that lead to alveoli, bring air to
Byssinosis
“Brown lung disease” caused by inhaling cotton dust into the lungs and usually occurs in the textile factory
Croup
Acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and barking cough
Cyanosis
Bluish discoloration of the skin caused by the lack of adequate oxygen
Cystic fibrosis
Genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus
Diaphragm
sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen. It is the contraction and relaxation of this muscle that makes breathing possible.
Dyspnea
“Shortness of breath” difficult or labored breathing
Emphysema
Progressive loss of lung function that is characterized by: decrease in total number of alveoli, enlargement of the remaining alveoli, and progressive destruction of the walls of the remaining alveoli
Epiglottis
Closes of the trachea during swallowing
Hemothorax
A collection of blood in the pleural cavity
Hypercapnia
Abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood
Hyperpnea
Commonly associated with exertion, is breathing that is deeper and more rapid than at rest
Hypopnea
Shallow or short respiration
Hypoxia
Condition of having below than normal oxygen levels in the body tissues and cells
Inhalation
The act of taking in air as the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward
Internal respiration
The exchange of gases within the cells of the body organs, cells, and tissues
Laryngectomy
surgical removal of the larynx
Laryngitis
Inflammation of the larynx, commonly used to describe voice loss caused by the inflammation
Laryngoscopy
Visual examination of the larynx with a laryngoscope
Laryngospasm
Sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx
Larynx
Makes speech possible
Lower respiratory tract
Bronchial tree and lungs and is located in the thoracic cavity
Lung
Bring oxygen into the body, remove carbon dioxide and some water waste from the body
Lung cancer
Condition in which cancer cells form in the tissues of the lung, leading cause of cancer deaths in US
Nasal cavity
Sinuses are connected via ducts
Pertussis
“Whooping cough” contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of a sudden or spasm like cough, followed by breathlessness and noisy inspiration
Pharyngitis
“Sore throat” inflammation of the pharynx
Pleural space
Fluid filled space between the pleural membranes that reduces friction during breathing (aka the pleural cavity)
Pleurisy
Inflammation of the pleura that produces a sharp chest pain with each breath
Pleurodynia
Pain in the pleura
Pneumonia
Serious infection or inflammation of the lungs in which the smallest bronchioles and alveoli fill with pus and other liquid
Pneumorrhagia
Bleeding from the lungs
Pneumothorax
Accumulation of air in the pleural spaces causing a pressure imbalance that prevents the lung from fully expanding or can cause it to collapse
Pulmonary embolism
sudden blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter
Pulmonologist
specialist in disorders of the respiratory system
Respiration
Breathing, exchange of carbon dioxide for oxygen
Rhinorrhea
“Runny nose” watery flow of mucus from the nose
Trachea
Aka windpipe, transports air to and from the pharynx to the bronchi
Tuberculosis
“TB” an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, usually attacks the lungs. occurs mostly in individuals whose immune systems are weakened bu another condition. A health individual can be a carrier of TB without showing symptoms of the disease
Upper respiratory infection
“Acute nasopharynx” aka the common cold
Walking pneumonia
Caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae and is milder but longer-lasting
Hypoxemia
Condition of having below normal oxygen levels in the blood
