Lymphatic & Immune system Flashcards by noad ajidk

adenoids

nasopharyngeal tonsils: located in nasopharynx

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antibody

disease fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of an antigen

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antigen

only substance that the body regards as being foreign (viruses, bacteria, toxins, transplanted tissues)

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bacilli

rod-shaped, spore-forming bacteria

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bacteria

one celled microscopic organisms. Bacterial infections are treated with antibiotics.

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b-cells

specialized lymphocytes that produce and secrete antibodies

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immunoglobulins

bind with specific antigens in antigen-antibody response

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lymph nodes: axillary, cervical

lymph node: small bean shaped, contain specialized lymphocytes that are capable of destroying pathogens
axillary: located in armpits
cervical: located along sides of the neck

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lymphocytes

white blood cells that are formed in the bone marrow as stem cells

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macrophage

type of leukocyte that surrounds and kills invading cells

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parasite

plant or animal that lives on, or within, another living organism at the expense of that organism

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rickettsia

small bacteria that live in fleas, ticks, lice, and mites that transmit infection to humans

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skin

first line of defense, wraps the body in a physical barrier (intact)

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spirochetes

long, slender, spiral shaped bacteria have flexible walls and are capable of movement

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staphylococci

group of bacteria that form grape-like clusters

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streptococci

bacteria that form a chain

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t-cells

small lymphocytes that mature in the thymus, coordinating immune defences

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virus

very small infectious agents that live only by invading other cells. once inside they reproduce, then break the cell wall to release the newly formed viruses to go invade other cells and repeat the process.

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anaphylaxis

“anaphylactic shock” severe response to an allergen, symptoms develop quickly

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anthrax

caused by Bacilli

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antigen-antibody reaction

involves binding antigens to antibodies/immunoglobulins, labels potentially dangerous antigen so it can be recognized and destroyed

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autoimmune disorder

any of a large group of disease characterized by a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against its own tissues, appears to be genetically transmitted

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brachytherapy

use of radioactive materials implanted in the tissues being treated

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carcinoma

malignant tumor in epithelial tissue

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hemolytic function

destroys worn-out red blood cells and releases their hemoglobin to be reused

herpes zoster

virus that causes shingles

HIV: ELISA, Western Blot Test

HIV: blood borne infection in which virus damages or kills cells of immune system, causing progressive failure, leaving vulnerable to other infections ELISA: "Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay" blood test used to screen for the presence of HIV antibodies Western Blot Test: blood test that produces more accurate results than the ELISA, performed to confirm the diagnosis when the ELISA test is positive

Hodgkin's vs. non Hodgkin's lymphoma

Hodgkin's: distinguished by large, cancerous lymphocytes known as Reed-Sternberg cell Non-Hodgkin's: describes all other lymphomas besides Hodgkin's. Can be fast or slow growing. (malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue)

immunodeficiency

occurs when the immune response in compromised

immunosuppressant

substance that prevents or reduces the body's normal response

immunotherapy

disease treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune system

infectious mononucleosis

Epstein-Barr virus causes it, leads to splenomegaly

malaria

transferred to humans from infected mosquitos (parasite)

metastasis

new cancer site

metastasize

spreading cancer to other parts of the body

myoma

benign tumor made up of muscle tissue

rabies

virus, can be treated with synthetic immunoglobulins (antibody therapy), transmitted by bite/saliva of animal

sarcoma

malignant tumor in connective tissue

secondary lymphadema

lymphadema that is a result of damage to lymphatic vessels; can be caused by cancer treatments, burns or trauma

toxoplasmosis

transmitted from pets to humans by contact with contaminated animal feces (parasite)

varicella

causes chicken pox (virus)

West Nile Virus

spread to humans from infected mosquitos (virus)

myel/o

spinal cord, bone marrow

my/o

muscle

-oma

tumor, neoplasm

oste/o

bone

-plasm

formative material of cells

angi/o

blood vessel, lymph vessel

aden/o

gland

anti-

against

carcin/o

cancerous

immun/o

immune, protection, safe

lymph/o

lymph, lymphatic tissue

lymphaden/o

lymph gland, lymph node

lymphangi/o

lymph vessel

neo-; ne/o

new, strange

onc/o

tumor

phag/o

eat, swallow

sarc/o

flesh, connective tissue

splen/o

spleen

thym/o

thymus gland, soul

-tic

pertaining to

tox/o

poison, poisonous

HIV

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

AIDS

Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Cancer

CIS

Carcinoma in Situ

DCIS

Ductal Carcinoma in Situ

Lymphedema

MMR

Measles, Mumps, and Rubella

Antigen