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Anaphy Midterm > Special Senses Drills > Flashcards

Special Senses Drills Flashcards

1
Q

The membrane that covers the outer surface of the eye and lines the eyelids is the ___.

A

Conjunctiva

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2
Q

The six muscles attached to the outer surface of the eye that produced gross eye movements and make it possible for the eyes to follow objects are the ___.

A

Extrinsic eye muscles

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3
Q

The area of sharpest visual acuity that normally contains only cones is the ___.

A

Fovea Centralis

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4
Q

The innermost sensory layer of the eye that contains bipolar cells and ganglion cells is the ___.

A

Retina

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5
Q

The lens divides the eye into two segments, the ___ and the ___ segments.

A

Anterior (aqueous); posterior (vitreous)

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6
Q

The biconvex structure that focuses light on the retina is the ___.

A

Lens

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7
Q

The eye condition resulting from the inability of the aqueous humor to drain from the eye is called ___.

A

Glaucoma

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8
Q

The upside-down image formed on the retina as a result of the light-bending activity of the lens is the ___.

A

Real image

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9
Q

Fibers from the medial side of each eye cross over to the opposite side of the brain at the___.

A

Optic chiasm

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10
Q

The overlapping of the two visual fields that provides for depth perception (3-D vision) results in ___.

A

Stereopsis (binocular vision)

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11
Q

Loss of the same side of the visual field of both eyes from damage to the visual cortex on one side only is called ___.

A

Hemianopia

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12
Q

Earwax is produced by ___.

A

Ceruminous glands

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13
Q

The structure that divides the outer ear from the middle ear is a membrane known as the ___.

A

Tympanic membrane (eardrum)

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14
Q

The stirrup bone of the internal ear is also known as ___.

A

Stapes

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15
Q

The cochlear nerve transmits impulses to the auditory cortex located in the ___.

A

Temporal lobe

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16
Q

A division of the cranial nerve, the ____ transmits information to the cerebellum about equilibrium.

A

Vestibular nerve

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17
Q

Tiny stones made of calcium salts that roll in response to changes in gravitational pull are called ___.

A

Otoliths

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18
Q

The serious inner ear condition that causes nausea, vertigo, and progressive deafness is called ___.

A

Meniere’s disease

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19
Q

The type of chemoreceptor responsible for our sense of smell is called ___.

A

Olfactory receptors

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20
Q

The small, peglike projections of the tongue’s surface are called ___.

A

Papillae

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21
Q

The three cranial nerves that carry taste sensations to the brain are ___.

A

VII (Faqcial)
IX (Glossopharyngeal)
X (Vagus)

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22
Q

“Crossed eyes” resulting from unequal control of the external eye muscles is called___.

A

Strabismus

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23
Q

The five taste sensations are ___.

A

Sweet. sour, bitter, salty, umami

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24
Q

True or False: The cornea is a transparent portion of the fibrous layer of the eye.

A

TRUE

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25
Q

True or False: The choroid consists of an outer, pigmented layer and an inner, neural layer which is home to rods and cones.

A

FALSE. The choroid does not contain rods and cones. Those are found in the retina.

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26
Q

True or False: The pupil is the circular opening in the iris through which light passes.

A

TRUE

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27
Q

True or False: Gross eye movements are produced by five extrinsic eye muscles attached to the outer surface of each eye.

A

FALSE. There are six extrinsic eye muscles.

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28
Q

True or False: We cannot see images formed on the optic disc.

A

TRUE

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29
Q

True or False: Cones enable vision in dim light.

A

FALSE. Rods allow for vision in dim light.

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30
Q

True or False: The ciliary body is a smooth muscle structure to which the lens is attached.

31
Q

True or False: There are two varieties of cones; one responds to red light and the other responds to green light.

A

FALSE. There is also a cone that responds to blue light.

32
Q

True or False: An astigmatism results from unequal curvatures of the cornea or lens.

33
Q

True or False: The normal resting eye is generally “set” for distant vision.

34
Q

True or False: The middle ear is a fluid-filled cavity.

A

FALSE. It is an air-filled cavity within the temporal bone.

35
Q

True or False: The function of the auditory tube is to transmit sound vibrations.

A

FALSE. The auditory tube equalizes air pressure between the atmosphere and the middle ear.

36
Q

True or False: The “stirrup” is also referred to as the stapes.

37
Q

True or False: The bony labyrinth of the internal ear consists of the cochlea, vestibule, and the semicircular canals.

38
Q

True or False: In order to hear sound, vibrations pass from the eardrum to the ossicles, and on to the oval window.

39
Q

True or False: Conduction deafness may result from earwax buildup or the fusion of the ossicles.

40
Q

True or False: Dynamic equilibrium receptors report the position of the head with respect to the pull of gravity when the body is not moving.

A

FALSE. This is the function of static equilibrium receptors.

41
Q

True or False: Unlike the taste sensation, it is NOT necessary to have the chemicals associated with smells dissolved in body fluids.

A

FALSE (??) girl idk

42
Q

True or False: The olfactory receptors are responsible for the sense of taste.

A

FALSE. They are responsible for the sense of smell.

43
Q

True or False: There are five basic taste sensations that correspond to one of the five major types of taste buds.

44
Q

“White of the eye”

45
Q

Gland that releases tears

A

Lacrimal gland

46
Q

Type of photoreceptor cell that detects colors

47
Q

Flexible biconvex crystal-like structure

48
Q

Transparent portion of the fibrous layer

49
Q

Type of humor located in the posterior segment

A

Vitreous humor

50
Q

Contains millions of photoreceptors

51
Q

Area of greatest visual acuity

A

Fovea centralis

52
Q

Blind spot

A

Optic disc

53
Q

Produce ear wax

A

Ceruminous glands

54
Q

Tympanic membrane

55
Q

Auditory tube

A

Links the middle ear and the throat

56
Q

Malleus

57
Q

Division of cranial nerve VIII that transmits sound information to the brain

A

Cochlear nerve

58
Q

Small stones involved in equilibrium sensation

59
Q

Cochlea

A

Snail-like subdivision of the osseous labyrinth

60
Q

Spiral organ of Corti

A

Contains the hair cells

61
Q

Semicircular canals

A

Contains the receptors for dynamic equilibrium

62
Q

Vestibule

A

Contains the receptors for static equilibrium

63
Q

Sugar, saccharine

A

Sweet receptors

64
Q

Oranges, tomatoes

A

Sour receptors

65
Q

Amino acid glutamate

A

Umami receptors

66
Q

Alkaloids

A

Bitter receptors

67
Q

Metal ions in solution

A

Salty receptors

68
Q

Receptors clustered at the rear of the tongue

A

Bitter receptors

69
Q

Nearsightedness

70
Q

Increased pressure within the eye

71
Q

Blurry images due to unequal curvatures of the cornea or lens

A

Astigmatism

72
Q

Eyeball is “too short”

73
Q

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

A

Conjunctivitis

74
Q

Prolonged vitamin A deficiency results in deterioration of the neural retina

A

Night blindness

Anaphy Midterm (16 decks)

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