Endocrine System Drills Flashcards
The hormones that operate by direct gene activation are steroid hormones and __________.
Hormones that are released in response to changing blood levels are controlled by __________ stimuli.
The protein hormone released by the anterior pituitary responsible for maintaining milk production in a breast-feeding female is ___.
The target organ of thyrotropic stimulating hormone (TSH) is the __________ gland.
Alcohol suppresses the production of this hormone, __________, which normally
promotes water retention and prevents dehydration.
Thyroxine is also known by an alternate name, __________, due to the number of iodine atoms it contains.
Calcitonin is made by the __________ of the thyroid gland.
Mineralocorticoids regulate the concentration of __________ and __________ ions in our blood.
Cortisone and cortisol and types of __________ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland.
The enzyme produced by the kidneys when blood pressure drops, which causes the release of aldosterone, is called __________.
Male sex hormones produced by the adrenal cortex are called __________.
Generalized hyposecretion of all adrenal cortex hormones leads to __________.
Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids, often caused by a tumor, results in __________.
Another name for epinephrine is ___.
Insulin and glucagon are both hormones that are produced by ___.
Glucagon acts as an antagonist to a hormone called ___.
When blood glucose levels are too high, the beta cells of the pancreas release __________ to decrease levels.
A hormone called __________ is believed to play an important role in establishing the body’s day-night cycle.
A hormone called __________ plays an important role in incubating a special group of white blood cells.
The hormone produced by male testes which is responsible for sperm production is __________.
Home pregnancy tests check for a hormone in the female’s urine called ___.
True or False: The study of hormones and endocrine organs is known as immunology.
True or False: All hormones can arouse and bring about changes in all cells of the human body.
True or False: Most hormones are regulated by negative feedback mechanisms.
True or False: Hormones that are secreted in response to other hormones are prodded by hormonal stimuli.
True or False: The hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary are actually made by the hypothalamus.
True or False: Hypersecretion of growth hormone during childhood leads to pituitary dwarfism.
True or False: The target tissue of prolactin is the female breast.
True or False: Neurosecretory cells transport oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone to the anterior pituitary gland for storage.
True or False: Antidiuretic hormone inhibits urine production and promotes water reabsorption by the kidney.
True or False: Vasopressin is another name for antidiuretic hormone.
True or False: Hyposecretion of FSH or LH leads to sterility in both males and females.
True or False: Thyroid hormone targets all cells of the body.
True or False: Diabetes insipidus is caused by hyposecretion of insulin.
True or False: Thyroid hormone is actually two iodine-containing hormones called T3 and T4.
True or False: Thyroxine is converted to triiodothyronine at target tissues to promote metabolism.
True or False: Calcitonin is produced by the follicular cells of the thyroid gland.
True or False: Parathyroid hormone is the most important regulator of blood calcium concentration.
True or False: Calcitonin is a hormone antagonistic to parathormone in the regulation of blood calcium concentration.
True or False: Mineralocorticoids help regulate both water and electrolyte balance in body fluids.
True or False: The adrenal glands are similar to the pituitary gland in that they have both glandular and neural tissue.
True or False: The adrenal cortex is made up of neural tissue.
True or False: Glucocorticoids, glucagon, and epinephrine are hyperglycemic hormones.
True or False: The glucocorticoids help the body handle long-term stress primarily by increasing blood glucose levels.
True or False: Both male and female sex hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex throughout life in relatively small amounts.
True or False: Hypersecretion of the sex hormones may lead to masculinization in both men and women.
True or False: The adrenal medulla and posterior pituitary are both composed of nervous tissue.
True or False: Adrenaline is also known as epinephrine.
True or False: Aldosterone raises blood glucose levels through the breakdown of fats and proteins.
True or False: Melatonin production peaks during the night to help regulate the body’s day-night cycle.
True or False: The thymus gland is located in the neck wrapped around the trachea.
True or False: The ovaries release estrogen and progesterone in response to gonadotropic hormones from the pituitary gland.
True or False: The placenta is a temporary organ formed in the uterus of pregnant women.
Growth hormone
Prolactin
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Oxytocin
Antidiuretic hormone
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Thyroxine
Calcitonin
Parathormone
Aldosterone
Cortisone
Catecholamines
Glucocorticoids
Insulin
Glucagon
Melatonin
Thymosin
Human chorionic gonadotropin
Stimulates contraction of the uterus and the milk reflex
Lowers blood calcium levels
Involved in daily and seasonal biological rhythms
Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine
Promotes reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys
Lowers blood glucose levels
Raises blood glucose levels, constricts vessels, increases metabolic rate
Stimulates testes and ovaries to produce their hormones
