Nervous System Drills Flashcards
take w/ a grain of salt kay wala answer key
Spinal nerves and cranial nerves are considered part of the __________ nervous system.
Peripheral
__________ cells form the myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the PNS.
Schwann
Support cells in the central nervous system are collectively called __________.
Neuroglia
Cells found in the CNS that cling to neurons and anchor them to blood vessels are called __________.
Astrocytes
The gaps between Schwann cells found at regular intervals in peripheral system neurons are called __________.
Nodes of Ranvier
Sensory receptors located in muscles and tendons are termed __________.
Muscle spindles
Bundles of nerve fibers (neuron processes) running through the CNS are called __________, whereas in the PNS they are called __________.
Tracts; nerves
The cell bodies of the __________ neurons are always located within the CNS.
Interneurons
Neurons with two processes, an axon and a dendrite, are structurally classified as __________ neurons.
Bipolar
A functional property of nervous tissue called __________ is the ability to respond to a stimulus and convert it into a nerve impulse.
Irritability
During repolarization of a neuron __________ ions diffuse out of the neuron to restore the negative charge on the inside
of the membrane.
Potassium
__________ Reflexes include the secretion of saliva, changes in the size of our pupils, and digestion involve the activities of smooth muscles.
Autonomic
The thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus collectively constitute the __________.
Diencephalon
The brain dysfunction where blood supply to a region (or regions) of the brain is blocked and vital brain tissue dies, as by a blood clot or a ruptured blood vessel, is called __________.
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke
The brain and spinal cord are protected and cushioned by three connective tissue membranes that are collectively called __________.
Meninges
Cerebrospinal fluid travels through the __________ of the gray matter of the spinal cord.
Central canal
The primary motor area, located in the __________ lobe of the cerebral cortex, allows us to consciously control our skeletal muscles.
Frontal
The disease that results from problems with the basal nuclei resulting in difficulties with voluntary muscle movements is called __________.
Huntington’s disease
One of the major functions of the pons is to control __________.
Breathing
The fissure in the brain that separates the two cerebral hemispheres is called the __________.
Longitudinal fissure
The hypothalamus regulates the __________ gland.
Pituitary
The large fiber tract that allows
communication between the two cerebral hemispheres is called the __________.
Corpus callosum
The portion of the diencephalon that acts as a relay station for sensory impulses traveling to the sensory cortex is the __________.
Thalamus
Cerebrospinal fluid is formed from blood by the __________.
Choroid plexus
A __________ is a type of traumatic brain injury that results in marked tissue destruction.
Contusion
There are __________ pairs of cranial nerves and __________ pairs of spinal nerves in the peripheral nervous system.
12; 31
__________ disease results from a degeneration of the dopamine-releasing neurons of the substantia nigra.
Parkinson’s disease
The __________ is a connective tissue wrapping around fascicles of neuron fibers.
Epineurium
Sweat glands that produce perspiration when stimulated are innervated only by the __________ fibers.
Sympathetic cholinergic nerve
The only pair of cranial nerves to extend to the thoracic and abdominal cavities is the __________ nerves.
Vagus
Cranial nerve III is known as the __________ nerve.
Oculomotor
The number of neurons involved in transmission of impulses in the autonomic nervous system is __________.
2
One of the last areas of the CNS to mature is the __________, which regulates body temperature.
Hypothalamus
The largest nerve in the body, the sciatic nerve, belongs to the __________ nerve plexus.
Sacral
Each spinal nerve divides into a dorsal and a ventral __________.
Ramus
The __________ division of the autonomic nervous system is often called the “rest-and-digest” division.
Parasympathetic
True or False: The sensory division of the nervous system is further subdivided into the autonomic and somatic nervous systems.
FALSE. These are divisions of the motor nervous system.
True or False: Oligodendrocytes produce myelin sheaths in the PNS.
FALSE. Oligodendrocytes produce myelin sheaths in the CNS, while Schwann cells produce myelin sheaths in the PNS.
True or False: Dendrites release neurotransmitters into the extracellular space during nerve impulse transmissions.
FALSE. Dendrites receive information, or relay it toward the cell body.
True or False: Cell bodies of sensory neurons are always located in ganglia lying outside the central nervous system.
TRUE.
True or False: A sensory neuron carries stimuli from the central nervous system to the effector.
FALSE. This is the function of a motor neuron, a sensory neuron carries stimuli to the CNS.
True or False: Gray matter contains collections of unmyelinated fibers and cell bodies in the central nervous system.
TRUE
True or False: Bipolar neurons are rare in adults.
TRUE
True or False: The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place.
FALSE. Ambot ngaa amo na siling sa google hahahahhaha
True or False: Depolarization of neurons results from the entry of sodium ions into the cell.
TRUE
True or False:
True or False: A polarized neuron has fewer positive ions inside in comparison to the
outside of the neuron.
TRUE
True or False: Difficulty in breathing may reflect damage to respiratory centers located in the cerebellum.
FALSE. The primary respiratory centers of the brain are located in the medulla oblongata and the pons of the BRAIN STEM, not the cerebellum.
True or False: One of the major functions of the pons is to produce releasing factors that
control the function of the anterior pituitary.
FALSE. This is the function of the hypothalamus.
True or False: The hypothalamus regulates the endocrine functions of the pituitary gland.
TRUE
True or False: Cerebrospinal fluid circulates within the ventricles of the brain and also in the subarachnoid space outside the brain.
TRUE
True or False: The collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the spinal cord is called the cauda equina.
TRUE
True or False: There is no possibility of damaging the spinal cord below the third lumbar vertebra.
TRUE (?) basi false hehe try nyo lang search
Siling sang iban nga flashcards true pero feel ko false kay damo articles nga may L3 injuries sa spinal cord, ewan!!
True or False: The glossopharyngeal nerve is the only cranial nerve pair that contains sensory fibers.
FALSE. Cranial nerves I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX, and X all have sensory fibers.
True or False: Cranial nerve XI is the accessory nerve; it controls tongue movement.
FALSE. Cranial nerve XII, the hypoglossal nerve, controls tongue movement.
True or False: There are 31 pairs of cranial nerves and 12 pairs of spinal nerves.
FALSE. 12 pairs of cranial nerves & 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
True or False: Complex networks of spinal nerves
are termed nerve plexuses.
TRUE
True or False: Sympathetic postganglionic fibers release acetylcholine and the preganglionic axon releases norepinephrine.
FALSE. Sympathetic postganglionic fibers release norepinephrine and the
preganglionic axon releases acetylcholine.
ginsuli ko ang sa drills hehehehehehhe
True or False: Both the autonomic and somatic nervous systems operate with a chain of two motor neurons.
FALSE. The somatic nervous systems operates with a one-neuron system.
True or False: Both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems operate with a chain of two motor neurons.
TRUE. They are both divisions of the autonomic nervous system, which has a two-neuron system.
True or False: The parasympathetic division is also
called the craniosacral division since the preganglionic neurons originate in the brain and sacral region of the spinal cord.
TRUE
True or False: The usual cause of nervous system deterioration as we age is circulatory system
problems.
TRUE
Structural nervous system subdivision that consists of the brain and spinal cord.
Central nervous system
Functional nervous system subdivision that carries information toward the central nervous system from receptors.
Sensory (afferent) division
Structural nervous system subdivision that consists of spinal nerves and cranial nerves
Peripheral nervous system
Subdivision of the motor division responsible for controlling involuntary events.
Autonomic nervous system
Functional nervous system division that carries information from the central nervous system toward effectors.
Motor (efferent) division
In which part of the brain is the auditory area?
Temporal lobe
In which part of the brain is the primary somatic sensory area?
Parietal lobe
In which part of the brain is the primary motor area?
Frontal lobe
In which part of the brain is the area for motor speech?
Broca’s area
In which part of the brain is the area for recognizing patterns and faces?
Temporal lobe
In which part of the brain is the visual area?
Occipital lobe
Composed of cerebral peduncles and the corpora quadrigemina.
Midbrain
Contains centers that control heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing, and vomiting.
Medulla oblongata
Gland that hangs from the hypothalamus.
Pituitary gland
Regulates body temperature, water balance, and metabolism.
Hypothalamus
Relay station for sensory impulses passing to the sensory cortex.
Thalamus
Motor control of the visceral organs.
Reticular formation
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic: Decreases heart rate.
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic: Stimulates sweat glands to produce
perspiration.
Sympathetic
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic: Decreases digestive system activities.
Sympathetic
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic: Constricts bronchioles of the lungs.
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic: No effect on most blood vessels.
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic: Decreases urine output of the kidneys.
Sympathetic
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic: Increases metabolic rate.
Sympathetic
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic: Increases the release of epinephrine
from the adrenal medulla.
Sympathetic
