Special Populations Flashcards
Recommended length of daily activity for Youth
Youth 6-20yrs old
60 mins daily of mod to vigorous exe
Only 25% do
Peak o2 uptake bs Vo2 Max for Youth
Youth do not exhibit a plateau in o2 uptake at maximal exe, so Vo2 is not measured in Youth.
Youth are less efficient at submaximal exe & tend to use a higher % of peak o2 uptake than adults. **But peak o2 uptake is similar to adults when adjusted for BW.
Youth do not produce sufficient levels of glycolitic enzymes to sustain high-intensity exe.
Youth rep range
2-3 days a wk
8 to 10 exe over 1-2 sets w/ 8-12 reps 40-70% intensity
Can improve strength by 30-40% over 8 wks
Progress based on postural control, not weight
Senior programming
3-5 days per wk
Duration 20-45m
45-80 % v02
ST:
8 to 10 exe
1-3 sets
8-20 reps
40-80 % RM
Percentage of overweight/ obese Americans over 20 yrs old
72%, of which 40% are obese
Muscle loss in sedentary people
5lbs muscle per decade
Energy expenditure goal per week w/ obese clients
2000 kcal from exe and physical activity
Brisk walking shown to burn similar cals to circuit resistance training
Obese programming
Low impact
40-60 mins per session, can split
At least 5 & up to 7 days per wk
60-80% intensity
Min 1200 to goal 2000 cals/ wk
Per session: 200-300 cals
Sets 1-3
Reps 10-15
Session 2-3
Percentage of US population w/ duabetes
9.4%
Globally diabetes has quadrupled since the 1980s
Diabetic programming
Similar to obese w/ goal of 2000 cal per wk between exe & activity
Slightly higher intensity, to 90%
Watch out for skin conditions occurring on feet from walking
Prevent hypoglycemia w/ proper nutrition (below 70 mg/dL)
Effect of exe on bp
Can lower 10-20 mm/hg for both systolic & diastolic
Low to mod intensity is just as effective as high intensity (cardio 50-80%)
3-7 days, 20-45 mins
Hypertensive/ CHD programming
Cardio exe w/o symptoms for 4 months before resistance training
Circuit or peripheral heart action
2-3 days
8-10 exe
1-3 sets
10-20 reps
Can do SL assessment
Limit amount of time in isometric or concentric action
Do not use HR chart estimates
Osteopenia/ Osteoporosis
Osteopenia: BMD is lower than normal
Osteoporosis: A disease in which BMD is reduced & bone microstructure is disrupted & bone protein is altered. Increase in resorption & decrease in remodeling. Chiefly affects femur and lower vertebrae
Type 1: aging
Type 2: medical or lifestyle induced
Osteopenia/ Osteoporosis programming
3-5 days
40-70% intensity
20-30 mins
Resistance training for Osteopenia
Avoid dynamic spine flexion
Loads greater than 75% RM will improve bone density, although only by a few % and takes 6 months, so program efforts at fall prevention
Circuit training preferred
8-10 exe
1 set
8-12 reps
Osteoarthritis vs Rheumatoid
Caused by degeneration of cartilage
Caused by immune system attacking own tissue
Pain lasting more than 1 hr after exe signals alteration is needed
Avoid high intensity/ reps (10-12 ok)
No plyo
ST: 3-5 days/ 30 min
Activity: 20-60 mins or 8-10 biuts
Cancer percentage
Approx 38.4%
Cancer programming
Cardio
3-5 days
40-50% intensity
20-30 mins
Resistance
2-3 days
8-10 exe
1 set
10-15 reps
Pre-natal programming
Cardio
3-5 days
40-50% intensity
ST
No guidelines
1-3 sets
12-15 reps
No hip add/abd machine
Restrictive vs Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
Restrictive:
-lung tissue is fibrotic and dysfunctional
-decreased ability to expand lungs
Obstructive:
-lung tissue may be normal, but airflow is partially blocked
Monitor activity with pulse ox.
Lung disease programming
Use pulse ox to monitor. Under 85 is no gud.
Cardio
3-5 days
20-45 mins
40-60% intensity
ST
Circuit in PHA format
8-10 exe
1 set
8-15 reps
Peripheral Artery Disease &
Intermittent Claudication
Narrowing of major arteries responsible for providing blood to lower extremities.
Intermittent Claudication is the symptoms associated w/ PAD, incl. limping and pain in lower leg during mild exe.
PAD/PVD programming
Dr. clearance is necessary
Eventhough leg pain will preclude client from more exe time, DO NOT switch modalities to non walking b:c it might cause client to exceed HR.
Cardio
Up to 7 days
20-30 min, w/ at least 10 min bout
50-85% intensity
No self-myo
ST
Circuit
8-10 exe
1-3 sets
8-12 reps, going up to 20
*Exe up till severe discomfort, rest till subsided, then continue.
