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Analytical Chem 2 > Special Methods 2 > Flashcards

Special Methods 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Number of physical and chemical properties of values

A

Constants

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2
Q

Constants are taken with

A

Odor
Taste
Color
Special identity tests

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3
Q

Acid Value

A

Acid Number
Acidity Index

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4
Q

The number of mg of KOH necessary to NEUTRALIZE the FREE ACID in 1g of oil, fat, wax, resin balsam

A

Acid Value/Acid Number/Acidity Index

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5
Q

Acid Value Formula

A

weight of sample

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6
Q

The number of mg of KOH required to SAPONIFY the ESTERS in 1g of fatty or volatile oil, fat, wax, balsam, resin

A

Ester Value

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7
Q

Application of Ester Value

A

Analysis of white and Yellow wax - indicate presence of adulterants such as Paraffin

Ex. Stearic Acid - Rosin

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8
Q

Ester Value Formula

A

EV = (Vb - Vt) x N x 56.11 / wt. sx

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9
Q

Saponification Value

A

Saponification Number, Koettsdofer Number

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10
Q

The number of mg of KOH to NEUTRALIZE free acids and SAPONIFY esters contained in 1g fat, fatty/volatile Oil, wax, resim, balsam

A

Saponification Value/Number

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11
Q

Application of Saponification Value

A

Detection of presence of GLYCERIDES of acids containing less than 16 or >18 carbon atoms

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12
Q

Saponification Value is __________ proportional to the mean MW of the acids present, also indicates ________ of the saple with ___________

A

Saponification Value is inversely proportional to the mean MW of the acids present, also indicates adulteration of the saple with unsaponifiable matter

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13
Q

Formula for Saponification Value

A

SV = (Vb - Vt) x N x 56.11
——————————
wt. sx

A.V + E.V

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14
Q

The substances present in OILS nad FATS that are not saponified by ALKALI hydroxides but soluble in ordinary FAT SOLVENTS

A

Unsaponifiable Matter

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15
Q

Unsaponifiable matter in Vegetable Oils and fats

A

Phytosterols

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16
Q

Unsaponifiable matter in Animal Oils and Fats

A

Cholesterols

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17
Q

The number of grams of iodine absorbed by 100g of oil, fat, & wax.

A

Iodine Number/Value

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18
Q

Iodine Number is a quantitative measure of proportion of __________ fatty acids

A

UNSATURATED fatty acids

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19
Q

Application of Iodine Number/Value

A

Identification of known oils
Determine purity of oils
Detect presence of adulterants and its nature

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20
Q

Olive Oil to Cottonseed Oil

A

Iodine Value

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21
Q

Methods used in determination of Iodine Value

A

Method I: Hanus Method - uses iodobromide in glacial acetic acid
Method II: Wijs Method - uses iodine monochloride in glacial acetic acid
Hubl: Unofficial - uses iodine mercuric chloride in Alcohol

22
Q

Method which uses iodobromide in glacial acetic acid

A

Hanus Method

23
Q

Method which uses iodine monochloride in glacial acetic acid

A

Wijs Method

24
Q

Method which uses iodine mercuric chloride in Alcohol

A

Hubl

25
Q

Formula for Iodine Value

A

(Vb - Vsx) x N x 0.1269
——————————- x 100
Wt sx

26
Q

Classification based on Iodine Value

A

Drying Oil
Semi-Drying Oil
Non-drying Oil

27
Q

Drying Oils

A

> 120

Linseed Oil
Cod Liver Oil
Fish Oil

28
Q

Semidrying Oils

A

100-120

Cottonseed Oil
Sesame Oil

29
Q

Nondrying Oil

A

<100

Almond Oil
Olive Oil

30
Q

The number of mg KOH equivalent to the hydroxyl/OH content of 1g of a subs.

A

Hydroxyl Value/Number

31
Q

Application of Hydroxyl Value

A

Indication of identity and purity of fatty substance with alcohol hydroxyl groups

32
Q

Hydroxy Value is ______ proportional to the molecular weight

A

Inversely proportional

33
Q

TF: Abnormally low value is indicative of adulteration with higher MW or eith Non-alcoholic fatty substances.

A

True

34
Q

The number of mg of KOH required to neutralize the acetic acid obtained by the saponification of 1g of acetylated fatty acids.

A

Acetyl Value

35
Q

Volatile Oils

A

Ethereal Oils
Essential Oils
Essences

36
Q

Important chemical components of Volatile Oils

A

Hydrocarbons
Alcohols
Aldehydes
Ketones
Phenols
Acids
Sulfur compounds

37
Q

Ratio of the weight of the volume of Oil to the equal volume of pure water at same temp and pressure

A

Specific Gravity

38
Q

Apparatus used for Specific Gravity

A

Westphal Balance
Pycnometer - Official

39
Q

Temperature and Range values for Specific Gravity

A

25C
0.84 - 1.2

40
Q

Oils lighter than water

A

Lemon Oil
Turpentine oil
Orange Oil
Rosemary Oil

Hydrocarbons, Alc, Ketones, Esters

41
Q

Oils with spec. gravity greater than 1

A

Cinnamon oil
Anise Oil
Clove Oil

Aldehydes
Phenols
Esters

42
Q

Rotating power or power of rotating the plane polarized light

A

Rotary Power/Optical Activity

43
Q

Apparatus used in Rotary Power/Optical Activity

A

Laurent half-shadow polarimeter

44
Q

Should not be omitted in examination of volatile oils

A

Rotary Power

45
Q

Detecting adulteration with inactive substances

A

Rotary Power

46
Q

Apparatus used in Refractive Index

A

Abbe Refractometer

47
Q

Refractive Index Temperature and Range

A

20C, except rose oil at 30C

1.46 - 1.61

48
Q

Specific Assay for Alcohol Content

A

Method: Acetylization
Apparatus: Acetylization Flask
Reagent: Acetic anhydride
Ex: Peppermint Oil

49
Q

Specific Assay for Aldehyde Content

A

Method: Bisulfite Method
Apparatus: Cassia Flask
Reagent: Bisulfite

Method: Hydroxylamine
Apparatus: Erlenmeyer Flask
Reagent: Hydroxylamine HCl
Ex: Benzaldehyde

50
Q

Specific Assay for Ketone Content

A

Method: Bisulfite, Hydroxylamine
Apparatus: Cassia Flask
Ex: Caraway Oil, Spearmint Oil

51
Q

Specific Assay for Phenol Content

A

Method: W/ NaOH
Apparatus: Cassia Flask
Reagent: Caustic Alkali (KOH)
Ex: Clove Oil

Analytical Chem 2 (17 decks)

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