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Head and Neck Anatomy > Spaces of H&N > Flashcards

Spaces of H&N Flashcards

1
Q

primary vs secondary spaces

A
  • primary= direct relationship with source

* secondary= no direct relationship with source

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2
Q

what are some primary spaces?

A

Maxillary

  • caniine
  • buccal (bridging)
  • infratemporal

Mandibular

  • buccal (bridging)
  • submental
  • sublingual
  • submandibular
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3
Q

what are some secondary spaces?

A 
masticator
pterygomandibular
retropharyngeal
parotid
prevertebral
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4
Q

primary MX canine space boundaries

A 
superior= levator labii superioris
inferior= levator anguli oris
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5
Q

primary MX canine space communications

A

buccal space

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6
Q

primary MX canine space infection

A
  • max canine or 1st maxillary premolar

* can erode superiorly toward the orbit

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7
Q

primary MX infratemporal space boundaries

A
  • superior: infratemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid
  • inferior: lateral pterygoid
  • lateral: temporalis
  • medial: lateral pterygoid plate
  • anterior: maxillar
  • posterior: lateral pterygoid
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8
Q

primary MX infratemporal space communications

A
  • buccal space
  • temporal space
  • pterygomandibular space
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9
Q

primary MX infratemporal space infection

A
  • rare
  • *MX 3rd molar infection
  • close to pterygoid plexus
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10
Q

primary MX infratemporal space boundaries

A
  • superior: infratemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid
  • inferior: lateral pterygoid
  • later: temporalis
  • medial- lateral pterygoid plate
  • anterior: maxilla
  • posterior: lateral pterygoid
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11
Q

primary MX infratemporal space communications

A
  • buccal space
  • temporal space
  • pterygomandibular spac
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12
Q

primary MX infratemporal space infection

A
  • rare
  • MX 3rd molar infection
  • close to pterygoid plexus
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13
Q

Primary MX/MD buccal (bridging) space boundaries

A
  • superior: zygomatic process
  • inferior: mandible
  • lateral: skin & superficial fascia
  • medial: buccinator
  • anterior: mouth
  • posterior: masseter
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14
Q

Primary MX/MD buccal (bridging) space communicatiosn

A
  • canine space
  • pterygomandibular space
  • infratemporal space
  • submassateric space
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15
Q

Primary MX/MD buccal (bridging) space infection

A
  • MX molars

* MD molars

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16
Q

primary MD submental boundaries

A
  • between the mylohyoid muscle and superficial layer of deep cervical fascia
  • bounded laterally by the anterior digastric muscle
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17
Q

primary MD submental communications

A

submandibular space

18
Q

primary MD submental infection

A

mandibular anterior teeth

19
Q

primary MD submandibular boundaries

A
  • between the mylohyoid muscle and superficial layer of deep cervical fascia
  • between the anterior and posterior bellies of digastirc
20
Q

primary MD submandibular communications

A
  • sublingual space
  • buccal space
  • pterygomandibular space
21
Q

primary MD submandibular infections

A

1, 2, and 3rd MD molars

22
Q

primary MD sublingual boundaries

A
  • between the mucosa and mylohyoid muscle
  • superior: mucosa on floor of oral cavity
  • inferior: mylohyoid m
  • lateral AND anterior: mandible
  • posterior: musclles along base of tongue
23
Q

primary MD sublingual communications

A
  • submandibular space

* pterygomandibular space

24
Q

primary MD sublingual infection

A

MD premolars and molars

25
Q

Secondary route from source MX anterior (usually canines) to ______?
*Symptomes?

A

to palatal and canine spaces

*swelling along lateral nose, swollen eyelids, palatal abscess

26
Q

Secondary route from source MD anterior to ______?

*Symptomes?

A

to submental space

*chin swells

27
Q

Secondary route from source MX premolars/molars to ______?

*Symptomes?

A

to buccal, infratemporal, or palatal space; maxillary sinus

*trismus, swelling of cheek, swelling of palate

28
Q

Secondary route from source MD premolar/molars to ______?

*Symptomes?

A

to sublingual, submandibular, buccal, or pterygomandibular spaces
*swelling in floor of mouth, elevated tongue, difficulty speaking, neck swelling

29
Q

Secondary route from source MX (maybe and MD 3rd molars to ______?
*Symptomes?

A

to parapharyngeal space then RPS

*pain, trismus, deviated uvula, difficulty swallowing/breathing

30
Q

what is Ludwig’s Angina?
commonly caused by?
do what ASAP?

A
  • severe cellulitis from bacterial infection in the floor of oral cavity
  • 2nd to sublingual or submandibular infections (molar abscess)
  • may spread to neck and block airway— intubate ASAP
  • more common in kids
  • can spread contralaterally bc there is no midline boundary
31
Q

anatomical ‘real space’ vs anatomical ‘potential space’?

A
  • real= subarachnoid space

* potential= retropharyngeal space

32
Q

superficial fascia is immediately ___ to the skin and contains?

A

deep to skin

*contains losse C.T.; emergining cutaneous nerves, superficial vessels, and platysma

33
Q

what are the 3 layers of deep fascia?

A

superficial, intermediate, deep

34
Q

what comprises the carotid sheath?

A

all 3 layers of deep fascia

35
Q

what is found in the carotid sheath?

A

internal carotid or common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve, with ansa vericalis intimately attached to the out fascia layer

36
Q

describe the superifical layer of deep fascia AKA investing layer? what are the borders?

A

continuous sheet encapsulating the neck

  • superior border= inferior border of MD, inferior border of zygo, mastoid process, ligamentum buchae, and external occipital protuberance
  • inferior borders= sternum, clavicle, acromion, scapular spine
37
Q

the intermediate layer of deep fascia is divided into what two portions?

A

1) muscular
- -surrounds strap muscles
2) visceral
- -surrounds thyroid, trachea, and esophagus

38
Q

alar fascia is an extension of?

A

prevertebral fascia

39
Q

alar fascia splits the retropharegneal space into?

A

1) true retropharengeal space
- bounded by alar and buccopharyngeal fascia
2) danger space
- between alar and prevertebral

40
Q

alar fascia spans the base of the skull to the superior mediastinum to merge with? WHERE? this separates???

A

buccopharyngeal fascia at T2

***separates the true RPS from the ‘danger space’ which extends down to the diaphragm

41
Q

what all drains into retropharyngeal tonsils?

A

nasopharyxn, middle ear, and paranasal sinuses; drain caudally through the deppjugular chain towards the superior mediatinum

42
Q

what are possible complications for danger space?

1) posterior
2) lateral
3) anterior
4) inferior

A

1) posterior- discitis osteomyelitis
2) lateral- carotid or IJV thrombosis
3) anterior- airway compression
4) inferior- mediastinitis
* generalized sepsis

Head and Neck Anatomy (46 decks)

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