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Head and Neck Anatomy > Brain et al Names and Function > Flashcards

Brain et al Names and Function Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most rostral part of brain or embryonic ‘tube’?

A

telencephalon

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2
Q

telencephalon splits in how many ____ Lobes?

A

4 cerebral lobes: occipital, parietal, frontal, temporal

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3
Q

the lateral (sylvian) fissure separates?

A

the parietal AND frontal lobes from temporal lobe

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4
Q

central sulcus separates?

A

frontal and parietal

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5
Q

what sulcus can only be seen from a midsagital view?

A

parieto-occipital sulcus

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6
Q

what happens in corpus callosum?

A

all the axons are crossing over from one hemisphere to the other hemesphere

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7
Q

grey matter and white matter represent what for brain and spinal cord?

A

grey= cell body
white=axons
*same for BOTH brain and spinal cord

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8
Q

pre-central gyrus is found where? does what?

A

found in frontal lobe

*mediates the planning and initiation of voluntary movements

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9
Q

what does the prefrontal cortex do? developes when?

A

decision making, rational thinking, determining consequences

*developes in early 20s for females and late 20s for males

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10
Q

frontal lobe functions

A
  • personality and executive function (control impulses, plan an action and know consequences)
  • motor
  • speech production
  • olfaction
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11
Q

the pre-central gyrus is arranged in a way to represent?

A

the amount of nurons for motor movement in certain regions of body
**CORTICAL MOTOR HOMUNCULUS

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12
Q

Broca’s Area is housed where? Function?

A

Broca’s Area is housed in the inferior gyri of the frontal lobe and is the expressive/motor speech complex

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13
Q

The ____ and ____ sulci split the frontal lobe into ____, ____, and _____ gyri?

A

the superior and inferior frontal sulci split the frontal lobe into superior, middle, and inferior gyri

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14
Q

parietal lobe functions?

A
  • mostly sensory

* sensory association

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15
Q

function of post-central gyrus?

A

primary somatosensory cortex= sensation we are cognitivly aware of like proprioception, temperature, pain, fine touch

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16
Q

the post-central gyrus is arranged in a way to represent?

A

the amount of neruons certain areas of the body use for sense
*CORTICAL SENSORY HOMUNCULUS

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17
Q

cortical motor VERSES cortical sensory homunculus?

A
  • Similar: Large tongue. lips, hands
  • More sensation in genitals for sensory homunculus
  • hands and mouth most motor needed
  • MOTOR IS VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT
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18
Q

The _____ sulcus splits the parietal lobe into ______ and ______

A

the intraparietal sulcus splits the parietal lobe into superior parietal lobule and inferior parietal lobule

19
Q

What makes the parietal lobules important?

A

for senosry association; meaning the ability to interpret touch
Ex: the ability to guess what latter someone writes on your back

20
Q

temporal lobe functions?

A
  • hearing
  • speech comprehension (Wernicke’s)
  • memory
21
Q

Wernicke’s Area is found where? function?

A

found in the superior portion of the temporal lobe next to the lateral sulcus.
*important for speech comprehension

22
Q

how is Wernicke’s and Broca’s Areas different?

A

1) Location

2) Wernicke’s= speech comprehension and Broca’s= speech production

23
Q

Limbic system found in what lobe? Does what?

A

temporal lobe; is SCENT TO MEMORY aka tieing scent to some sort of higher cognition like memory or emotion

24
Q

The sensation of smell is highly tied to?

A

emotion and learning

25
Q

what is super special about the sensation of smell?

A

it is the ONLY sense that goes directly to the brain for direct interpretation; NO synapse

26
Q

what are the 3 structure found in the temporal/limbic system?

A

amygdala, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus

27
Q

occipital lobe function? location?

A

vision; most causdal/posterior part of teloncephalon

28
Q

The ______ sulcus separates the ____ and ____ gyri in the occipital lobe?

A

the Calcarine sulcus separates the lingula and cuneus gyri in the occiptal lobe

29
Q

Location of lingula gyri and cuneus gyri?

A

In occipital lope; cuneus superior (C before L)

30
Q

basal ganglia function?

A

modulation of motor contral; means fine tuning moement. the intiation and planning of movement (different from pre-central gyrus/motor complex bc it STARTS motion)

31
Q

What is the basal ganglia? Misnamed why?

A

a collection of cell bodies found deep within brain (must be cut to see)
*misnamed bc all of the neurons in the CNS should be called nuclei

32
Q

function of hypothalamus? What is attached to it?

A

drives,

*pituitary gland attached to it

33
Q

function of pituitary gland? located?

A

neurohormones

*attached to hypothalamus

34
Q

what is the thalamus? functions?

A

Huge cluster of bilateral nuclei

  • sensory relay switchboard
  • neurohormone release
  • thermoregulation, circadian rhythms, thirst, hunger, BP/HR regulation, memory, adaptive responses
35
Q

ALL sensation, except _____, enters the _____ before being sent into cortex?

A

ALL sensation, except olfactory, enters the thalamus before being sent into the cortex

36
Q

Function and location of mammillary bodies?

A

in the hypothalamus; processing of recognition memory

37
Q

function and location of colliculi?

A

midbrain; vision and hearing reflexes

Ex: hear or see something coming fast at you so you duck

38
Q

function and location of pons?

A

metencephalon; ascending,descending tracts; nuclei (for cranial nerves)

39
Q

function and location of cerebellum?

A

metencephalon; coordination of movement; fine coordination or skill like playing the piano

40
Q

function and location of substantia nigra?

A

midbrain; movement, reward, and addiction

41
Q

function and location of cerebral peduncle?

A

midbrain; descending motor tracts (meaning all motor info that is leaving the motor cortex travels down through this)

42
Q

most caudal part of the entire brain is?

A

medulla oblongata as part of the myelencephalon

43
Q

function and location of medulla?

A

myelencephalon; ascending and descending tracts and BASIC FUNCTIONS OF LIFE (cardiac, respiratory)

Head and Neck Anatomy (46 decks)

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