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Head and Neck Anatomy > Posterior Triangle > Flashcards

Posterior Triangle Flashcards

1
Q

How many posterior triangles? borders?

A

2; anterior border of trapezius to posterior border of SCM

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2
Q

How many anterior triangles? borders?

A

2; spands from midline to SCM

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3
Q

what is another name for shallowest deep cervical fascia?

A

investing fascia

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4
Q

investing fascia envelopes? is a continuous sheet that encapsulates?

A
  • envelopes the SCM and trapezius muscles

* Continuous sheet encapsulating the neck

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5
Q

what is the superior and inferior border of investing fascia?

A
  • *Superior: Inferior border of the mandible, inferior border of zygomatic bone, mastoid process, ligamentum nuchae, and external occipital protuberance.
  • *Inferior: sternum, clavicle, acromion, scapular spine
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6
Q

ALL OF THE FASCIA LAYERS ARE HELPING TO LIMIT THE SPREAD OF??

A

INFECTION; DO NOT ALLOW INFECTION TO TRAVEL DEEP

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7
Q

What are the muscular contents of posterior triangle?

A

1) Semispinalis capitis
2) Splenius capitis
3) Levator scapulae
4) Scalenes
5) Inferior belly of omohyoid

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8
Q

ansa cervicalis is part of?

A

cervical plexus

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9
Q

Hyoid bone influences the?

A

larynx

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10
Q

larynx is important for?

A

1) swallowing
2) talking
3) breathing
* depresses larynx to help change the air way, vocal cords, and swallowing

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11
Q

How is it possible to have superior and inferior omohyoid muscle?

A

There is a tendon deep to SCM that acts as a pulley, which allows this muscle to change direction and run superiority

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12
Q

what is the deepest layer of deep

cervical fascia?

A

prevertebral layer

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13
Q

2nd layer of Deep Cervical fascia (aka 3rd layer out of 4) is only found in?

A

found ONLY in anterior triangle

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14
Q

What layer is the prevertebral layer?

A

3rd* Deep Cervical fascial layer OR 4th layer overall

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15
Q

the prevertebral layer encloses?

A

scalenes, vertebral column, and associated muscles

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16
Q

the prevertebral layer extends laterally as the?

A

axillary sheath

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17
Q

blood supply to posterior triangle comes off the?

A

subclavian artery

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18
Q

Subclavian eventually turns into? where

A

Axillary artery at the lateral border of the first rib

19
Q

3 major branches off proximal subclavian

A
  • Vertebral a.
  • Internal thoracic a.
  • Thyrocervical trunk
20
Q

Branches of subclavian; split into ______ and _____ portions

A

split into proximal and distal portions

*divided by the anterior scalene muscle

21
Q

What divides the proximal and distal portions of subclavian?

A

anterior scalene muscle
*everything proximal to anterior scalene is
the proximal part aka first part of subclavian; had 3 branches

22
Q

describe path of vertebral artery

A

typically first branch off the proximal subclavian artery. Path:

1) artery skips over transverse process of C7
2) then enters the transverse foramina of C6
3) courses medically through this triangle and then enters into foramen magnum
4) goes to brain and forms the posterior portion of the circle of willis

23
Q

What is the Area of potential compression of vertebral arteries

A

Suboccipital Triangle, as the artery courses over the posterior arch of C1 to enter foramen magnum (Between C1 and cranium)
seeing spots

24
Q

Blood supply to root of neck and thorax (chest plate/intercostals/breast/overlying tissue)?

A

Internal Thoracic

25
Q

Vertebral artery supplies what with blood?

A

Brain via Circle of Willis

26
Q

What is the second branch of proximal subclavian?

A

Internal thoracic

27
Q

Internal Thoracic supplies blood to?

A

root of neck and thorax (chest plate/intercostals/breast/overlying tissue)

28
Q

Thyrocervical Trunk supplies blood to?

A

viscera and muscles of the anterior triangle, deep neck muscles, superficial neck/back muscles, rotator cuff muscles, and shoulder joint

29
Q

What is the 3rd branch off proximal subclavian

A

Thyrocervical Trunk

30
Q

Ascending cervical A is blood supply to?

A

anterior muscles around vertebra

31
Q

Transverse cervical a. is blood supply to?

A

Courses posteriorly; gives BS to the trapezius

32
Q

Suprascapular a. is blood supply to?

A

Courses back over scapula

33
Q

Inferior thyroid a. blood supply to?

A

Major branch that continues to the thyroid

34
Q

Thyrocervical Trunk has how many branches? what are they?

A

1) Suprascapular a.
2) Transverse cervical a.
3) Ascending cervical a.
4) Inferior thyroid a.

35
Q

Proximal to anterior scalene muscle =

Distal to anterior scalene =

A 
Prox= Proximal (1st part) Subclavian a.
Dist = Distal (2nd and 3rd parts) Subclavian a.
36
Q

The 2nd and 3rd segments of subclavian have how many branches?

A

1 branch each – costocervical trunk (2nd part) and dorsal scapular a. (3rd part)

37
Q

costocervical trunk supplies blood to?

A

2nd segment of subclavian

*BS to deep neck muscles and 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces

38
Q

dorsal scapular a. supplies blood to?

A

3rd segment of subclavian

*BS to Rhomboids and levator scapulae (extrinsic back muscles)`

39
Q

In the posterior triangle there are how many branches of the subclavian artery total?

A

5

40
Q

dorsal scapular a. may be the 3rd segment of subclavian OR…?

A

deep branch of transverse cervical a.

41
Q

External jugular vein vein drains?

A

Drains superficial face

42
Q

External jugular vein meets up with _____ and together drains into ______?

A

Meets up with transverse cervical vein and come together to drain into subclavian vein

43
Q

Transverse cervical vein drains?

A

all posterior back

Head and Neck Anatomy (46 decks)

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