Southwest Flashcards
The word “Gascon” is derived from the same root as the word __” - Vascones
Basque
The relationship of Southwest France and Bordeaux from a historical perspective
- Southwest wine is undermarketed and downplayed by the Bordelais who controlled access to the sea and the global market by controlling the port of Bordeaux
- at one point, they even enacted laws to present the sales of wines from upriver
What is one grape that originated in Southwest then became crossed to be Merlot?
Cab France
How is Malbec related to Southwest?
It was taken to Bordeaux from Southwest to become an important part of Bordeaux’s red blen til the winte rfreeze of 1956. The Bordelais replanted with Merlot, Malbec travelled the Atlantic to become the mainstay of Mendoze in Argentina.
Micro oxygen
A winemaking technique developed to soften aggressive tannins, was developed by Patrick Ducournau while working with the native grape Tannat. Now this technique is used globally.
Geographical location of Southwest
west - Atlantic
East - Massif Central
South - Pyrenees and the Spanish border
North - Bordeaux
What are the three regions in Southwest?
the Bergerac and the Dorgogne River area
Garonne, Tarn and surrounding
Pyrenean foothills
The location of the sub-regions and the climatic influences with each?
The Bergerac and Dordogne River - oceanic influences with slightly warmer temperatures than Bordeaux
Garonne, Tarn and Lot River - continental, higher temperature and drier growing season, influenced by both Atlantic and Mediterranean
Pyrenean foothills - maritime climate with alpine influence. The hill ensures cool nights and puts the region in an effective rain shadow.
Which subregion has simliar wine style to Bordeaux?
Dorgogen/Bergerac
What is another name for Cab France
Bouchy
What is another name for Malbec
Cot
What sub-region has the most lesser-known local grape varieties?
Pyrenees
True of False: There is no general Southwest AOC or regional AOC
true
Bergerac AOC
- red and rose
- must contain at least two of the following: Cab, Cab France, Merlot, Cot, Fer Servadou and Merille
- must contain 10% alcohol
What is another name for Merille
Perigord
Bergerac Sec AOC
- dry white
- must contain at least two of the following: Demillon, Sauvignon, Muscadelle, Ondenc, Chenin Blance plus up to 25% Ugni Blanc
- If Ugni Blanc is present, Sauvignon must also be present in at least the same amount.
Cotes de Bergerac AOC
- red and moelleux style whites
- minimum alcohol 11%
Saussignac AOC
- liquoreux
- can contain any or all of the following: Semillon, Sauvignon, and Muscadelle
- RS (residue sugar must be more than 4.5%
- at least 12% alcohol level
Rosette AOC
- moelleux and liquoreux
- can contain any or all of the following grapes: semillon, sauvignon, and Muscadelle
- RS 0.8-5.4
- 11% alcohol
Monbazillac AOC
- Moelleux, Liquoreux
- Can contain: semillon, sauvignon blanc, sauvignon gris and muscadelle
- moelleux, RS must be more than 4.5%,late harvest and/or botrytized but must be harvested by hand
- liquoreux wines must be made from hand harvested, botrytized grapes and achieve a minimum of 8.5% RS
- minimum alcohol for both is set at 12
Gailac AOC
- red, rose, dry, sweet and sparkling white
- white Len de L’EI
- red Duras, Prunelard and Fer
- left bank sand, pebble, gravels (powerful red), right bank clay and limestone (red smooth polished tannis and lively whites)
- on the plateau above the river, limestone soils craft high acid reds and whites.
Dry white for Gailac AOC
- must be comprised of Mauzac, Mauzac Rose, Muscadelle and Len de L’EL
- the above four must consitute at least 50% of the blend
- Ondenc and Sauvignon are authorized for inclusion
- min. alcohol level is 10%
Sweet whites of Gailac AOC
- labeles as Gailac Vendange Tardive
- at least 50% Len de L’EI and Ondenc
- Muscadelle, Mauzac and Mauzac Rose are authorized blending partners
- min 9% alcohol and a min of 4.5% RS
What is sweet whites labeled as in Gailac AOC?
Gailac Vendange Tardive
What is another name for Len de L’EL?
Loin de I’Oeil
What are the two methods of making sparkling whites for Gailac AOC?
- traditional method (called Gaillac)
- methode ancestrade (Gaillac Methode Gaillacoise)
- wines made according to the ancestral method are made from 100% Marzac and/or Mauzac Rose
Describe the alcohol level and RS for sparking whites in Gailac AOC?
- Traditional method: minimum 9%
- Gailac Method Gaillacoise: min 8%, RS >1.7%
- Gaillac Methode Gaillacoise Doux: - min 8%, RS >5%
Red and rose from Gaillac AOC?
- at least 60% syrah, Duras, and Fer Servadou
- Duras and Fer represent at least 10% separately and 40% together
- min 10.5 alcohol
- Gamay, Cab and Cab France may supplement the blend
up to 10% Prunelard Noir, a recently rediscovered indigenous grape